“…Culture has been defi ned as an integrated pattern of human behaviors including thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of a racial, ethnic, religious, or social nature (Pumariega et al 2013 ). Hughes ( 1993 ) further defi ned culture as a socially transmitted system of ideas that (1) shapes behavior, (2) categorizes perceptions, (3) names selected aspects of experience, (4) is widely shared by members of a particular society or social group, (5) is an orientating framework to coordinate and sanction behavior, and (6) conveys values across the generations.…”