Practice of Using Implants in Gynecological Surgical Interventions (Scientific Literature Review)

Abstract

Introduction. The use of implants during surgical interventions in gynecology can contribute to the anatomical restoration of the genital organs. The most commonly used implants in gynecology are polypropylene meshes, which promote tissue ingrowth, thus restoring reproductive organs. One of the reasons for using implants in gynecology is pelvic organ prolapse, including uterine prolapse, anterior or posterior vaginal wall prolapse, and vaginal vault prolapse. Synthetic implants are often utilized to reinforce surgical interventions for gynecological disorders, with better indicators of anatomical success in the long term. The aim of the research is to investigate the biomechanical properties of implants in gynecology as effective means for the surgical restoration of female reproductive organs. Materials and methods. Bibliosemantic, comparative, and systematic analysis methods were employed. The proposed recommendations were developed based on the analysis of contemporary literature, results of randomized trials, and meta-analyses dedicated to studying the impact of implants in surgical interventions in gynecological practice. Results. The analyzed results indicate that the optimal supportive framework of implants for gynecological surgery, particularly in the treatment of prolapse, should aim to facilitate the formation of a new matrix for fascial reinforcement, thereby minimizing the development of scar tissue. Conclusions. The primary objective of using implants in gynecological surgical interventions is to search for optimal designs to complement vaginal surgery. This is essential for prolonging treatment outcomes, increasing patient satisfaction, and reducing complications.