Practice Guideline for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children

Nicholson, Erin; Geltemeyer, Abby M.; Smith, Katie

doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.02.002

Journal of Pediatric Health Care

2015

DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.02.002

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Practice Guideline for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children

Erin Nicholson

Abby M. Geltemeyer²,

Katie Smith³

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Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It is widely recognized that most infections with MTB do not cause TB disease and 90 − 95% of infections remain asymptomatic, though roughly one-third of the world's population is infected with MTB. Thus reasonable TB models should incorporate latent tuberculosis cases, such as [1,18,27]. These mathematical models have provided useful information for studying transmission mechanisms of TB.…”

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Global analysis of a stochastic TB model with vaccination and treatment

Feng¹,

Qiu²

2019

Discrete &Amp; Continuous Dynamical Systems - B

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In this paper, a stochastic model is formulated to describe the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis. The model incorporates vaccination and treatment in the intervention strategies. Firstly, sufficient conditions for persistence in mean and extinction of tuberculosis are provided. In addition, sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of stationary distribution and ergodicity. Moreover, numerical simulations are given to illustrate these analytical results. The theoretical and numerical results show that large environmental disturbances can suppress the spread of tuberculosis.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 92B05, 92D30; Secondary: 60H10. 2923 2924 TAO FENG AND ZHIPENG QIU compartmental model for TB. They also incorporated vaccination and treatment into the TB model. In this model the population is divided into five classes based on disease status, namely the uninfected individuals, the vaccinated individuals, the treated individuals, the infected individuals (individuals infected and shedding virus) and the recovered individuals (individuals previously infected with the virus but not currently shedding virus). At time t, the numbers in each of these classes are denoted by S(t), V (t), T (t), L(t) and I(t), respectively. The model also involves the following parameters:Λ the constant recruitment rate of the population, β the scaled transmission rate between S(t) and I(t), ρ 1 β the scaled transmission rate between S(t) and T (t), p the proportional coefficient of vaccinated susceptible S(t), u the per-capita natural mortality rate, α the disease-induced death rate of I(t), l the proportion coefficient from S(t) to L(t), δ the rate at which L(t) becomes I(t),ρ the rate at which T (t) becomes L(t), γ the rate at which I(t) becomes T (t).

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confidence: 99%

Global analysis of a stochastic TB model with vaccination and treatment

Feng¹,

Qiu²

2019

Discrete &Amp; Continuous Dynamical Systems - B

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Optimizing the management of children with latent tuberculosis infection

Venturini

Tersigni

Chiappini

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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The management of latent tuberculosis (LTBI) in children represents an important issue for paediatricians because of the disease burden, the lack of a gold standard for the diagnosis and the high annual risk of progression to active disease. Areas covered: A review of English language articles on LTBI in children, published between the 1st of January 2010 and the 1st of July 2016, was conducted using multiple keywords and standardized terminology in PubMed database. This review provides an updated overview of the available tests for LTBI diagnosis in children, management strategies and treatment options. Expert commentary: Two tests are available for LTBI diagnosis: tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays, both with a suboptimal specificity and sensitivity, and both with the lack of capability in distinguishing between infection and disease. Several new markers have been identified but further studies are needed. Among all treatment regimes, because of the high safety and efficacy profile showed and to avoid the poor completion rate, the treatment with a three-month course of isoniazid and rifampicin is currently recommended. New vaccines are needed because of the spread of the disease despite BCG vaccination in high risk countries. Currently, 15 new vaccines are in the pipeline.

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Latent tuberculosis in childhood: tolerability of two different therapeutic approaches

Tersigni

Venturini

Cordola

et al. 2018

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Practice Guideline for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Global analysis of a stochastic TB model with vaccination and treatment

Global analysis of a stochastic TB model with vaccination and treatment

Optimizing the management of children with latent tuberculosis infection

Latent tuberculosis in childhood: tolerability of two different therapeutic approaches

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