Practically Examining the Effect of Thermal Loads on Curved Tubes Made of Different Natural Composite Materials

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of changing temperature on the curved natural composite material pipe (Walnut husks powder with polyester) and curvature angle θ= 34° practically. This work involves the design and fabricates of curved pipe samples with an angle of curvature θ=34° at 50 % weight fraction. Also, tensile and thermo-mechanical test were performing to find the mechanical properties of the specimens. Experimental work included design and manufacturing test rig to simulate thermal stress. The experimental results revealed that a maximum hoop strain and longitudinal strain increased with increasing the temperature. The hoop stresses at crown and intrados positions were more than the hoop stress at extrados position by 150.762% and 138.363% respectively, and the von mises stresses at crown and intrados positions were more than the von mises stress at extrados position by 218.259% and 178.193% respectively. In the curved pipe, the hoop strains at intrados and crown positions were more than the hoop strain at extrados position by 114.583% and 60.416% respectively.

The future of an intelligent and responsive architecture design after the COVID 19 epidemic

“…The building's sustainability can be improved by providing flexible and adaptable spaces for all inhabitants, enabling it to adapt to different needs and lifestyles. (Figure 2), 33,60,48 .…”

“…Many authors investigated different methods to purified polluted water using low cost sustainable methods 14-16, 23, 51,52, 57, 60-62, 62, 54,55, 10, 34, 48-50, 34. There is a greater need for improved air quality and much more efficient design ventilation to reduce virus survivability with the present epidemic. In addition, people will be less likely to touch light switches, electronic items, or elevators after the epidemic, resulting in an increasing number of touchless devices in a building, such as hand-free doors, sound-activated lifts, and mobile-controlled central door locks 9,32,33,40,27,50 .…”