Practical Preparation of Infection-Resistant Biomedical Surfaces from Antimicrobial β-Peptide Polymers

Abstract

Tackling microbial infection associated with biomaterial surfaces has been an urgent need. Synthetic β-peptide polymers can mimic host defense peptides and have potent antimicrobial activities without driving the bacteria to develop antimicrobial resistance. Herein, we demonstrate a plasma surface activation-based practical β-peptide polymer modification to prepare antimicrobial surfaces for biomedical materials such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl chloride, and polydimethylsiloxane. The β-peptide polymer-modified surfaces demonstrated effective killing on drug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial function retained completely even after the β-peptide polymer-modified surfaces were stored at ambient temperature for at least 2 months. Moreover, the optimum β-peptide polymer (50:50 DM-Hex)-modified surfaces displayed no hemolysis and cytotoxicity. In vivo study using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-pre-incubated TPU-50:50 DM-Hex surfaces for subcutaneous implantation revealed a 3.4-log reduction of MRSA cells after the implantation for 11 days at the surrounding tissue of implanted TPU sheet and significant suppression of infection, compared to bare TPU control. These results imply promising and practical applications of β-peptide polymer tethering to prepare infection-resistant surfaces for biomedical materials and devices.

Dual functional β-peptide polymer-modified resin beads for bacterial killing and endotoxin adsorption

“…2c). This observation appointed to a membrane-active antimicrobial mechanism similar to that observed in our previous studies on the antimicrobial abilities of gold and polyurethane surfaces coated with β-peptide polymers [43,44].…”

“…As synthetic mimics of HDPs, amphipathic β-peptide polymers display broad-spectrum and potent antimicrobial activities, in addition to favorable solution [38][39][40][41][42] and surface biocompatibility [43,44]. In previous study, a thiol-terminated β-peptide polymer (50:50 DM-CH) was successfully modified to the flat surfaces of gold [43] and variable biomedical materials [44] and displayed excellent antimicrobial activity. In this study, we modified 50:50 DM-CH to the spherical surface of amino-functionalized polyacrylate (PA) resin beads and demonstrated their function in efficient bacterial killing and endotoxin adsorption.…”

Preparation of a Novel Type of Zwitterionic Polymer and the Antifouling PDMS Coating

“…In contrast, the water contact angle of zwitterionic polymer-coated PDMS fell to 70.7°, confirming the successful modification of the polymers. Note that such a grafting strategy is likely to apply to other surfaces that can generate peroxides [ 40 ].…”

Multivalent Display of Lipophilic DNA Binders for Dual-Selective Anti-Mycobacterium Peptidomimetics with Binary Mechanism of Action

“…Figure 3e The multi-targeting nature of PAPI 1-2 also fits well with the increasing interest in the development of resistanceresistant antibiotics, 38,39 i.e., compounds that efficiently kill bacteria with acquired resistance while showing low rates of resistance generation, among which antimicrobial polymers are well known examples. 16,25,[40][41][42][43][44] As it is difficult for bacteria to gain mutations simultaneously countering both mechanisms of action, PAPI 1-2 was highly resistance-resistant. When M. smegmatis was treated with PAPI 1-2 , the oligomer caused minimal resistance generation after over 200 generations, whereas rifampicin had led to severe resistance development (Figure 3e).…”