Practical modelling of micro combined heat and power applications for local authority district heating schemes

Fawkes, Steven; Jacques, J.K.; Linnell, C.; Watkins, A. A.

doi:10.1002/er.4440120405

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, simple extensions of the static spreadsheet models can be used to evaluate plants under different loads. Fawkes et al [4] proposed a simple model for the modelling of micro combined heat and power (CHP) plants for district heating. The model was a spreadsheet model with dynamic thermodynamic characteristics.…”

Section: Basic Cogeneration Plant Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) simple, static and inaccurate but inexpensive-a traditional approach as used by Blakely and Harward [3] and Fawkes et al [4]; (b) complicated advanced design on/off-design packages, e.g. gas turbine evaluation (GATE)/ CYCLE used by Witzani and Pechtl [15] and ASPEN Plus used by Ong'iro et al [12], but expensive; (c) operation optimization models that use operations research techniques to solve for the optimal operating conditions of complex plants, e.g.…”

Section: Cogeneration Modelling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A static model considers the steady state time-independent operation of the plant at one set of operating conditions. These models are the most common, owing to their simplicity and ease of use [3,4]. The general application of these models would be to system design at a baseload operating level.…”

Section: Cogeneration Modelling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first group is comprised of basic design-point models that aim to produce a rapid estimate of the cogeneration proposal's economic viability [3,4]. 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 1: Historical perspective

O'Brien

Bansal

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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This paper presents a brief review of cogeneration plant models that have been developed to fulfil different modelling requirements. Three types of models are readily available in the literature, namely the static, part-load and optimization models. The static models are simple design-point models which have found wide application for quickly predicting plant performance and providing data for preliminary economic analysis. However, these models are unable to predict performance of the plant at off-design conditions. To predict the performance of the cogeneration plant away from design conditions, part-load models have been developed. These models use fundamental engineering equations to predict plant performance at part-load conditions but these complex packages are expensive. The optimization models use operations research techniques to optimize the operation of utility plants to minimize operating cost or to maximize revenue. Many of these models are developed using a regression analysis of measured data and use linear functions to simulate components. The models use simplifying assumptions to analyse the thermodynamic performance of the plant but these are usually sufficient for the optimization studies conducted. The method used is dependent on the objective of the modelling process and each type is suited to different applications.

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Section: Basic Cogeneration Plant Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cogeneration Modelling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cogeneration Modelling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first group is comprised of basic design-point models that aim to produce a rapid estimate of the cogeneration proposal's economic viability [3,4]. 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 1: Historical perspective

O'Brien

Bansal

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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“…In those studies the environmental impacts addressed are limited to the assessment of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the operation of these systems (Chung et al 1997, Wu andRosen 1999). Several studies related to the application of CHP technologies investigated the optimum operational strategies mainly from efficiency and economic perspectives using approaches other than operations research (Fawkes et al 1998, Yodovard et al 2001, Ellis and Gunes 2002, Jalalzadeh et al 2002, Marantan et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle optimization of building energy systems

Osman¹,

Norman²,

Ries³

2008

Engineering Optimization

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A life cycle optimization model intended to potentially reduce the environmental impacts of energy use in commercial buildings is presented. A combination of energy simulation, life cycle assessment, and operations research techniques are used to develop the model. In addition to conventional energy systems, such as the electric grid and a gas boiler, cogeneration systems which concurrently generate power and heat are investigated as an alternative source of energy. Cogeneration systems appeared to be an attractive alternative to conventional systems when considering life cycle environmental criteria. Internal combustion engine and microturbine (MT) cogeneration systems resulted in a reduction of up to 38% in global warming potential compared with conventional systems, while solid oxide fuel cell and MT cogeneration systems resulted in a reduction of up to 94% in tropospheric ozone precursor potential (TOPP). Results include a Pareto-optimal frontier between reducing costs and reducing the selected environmental indicators.

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Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 2: Development of a quasi-static cogeneration model (steam turbine cogeneration analysis)

O'Brien

Bansal

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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Steam turbine cogeneration analysis (STuCA) is a quasi-static cogeneration plant model that has been developed to simulate steam turbine cogeneration plants subject to varying loads. STuCA was developed to provide potential cogeneration plant users with a model that could simulate part-load performance over the expected operating range of the cogeneration plant using fundamental engineering analysis methods. The model was designed to bridge the gap between static designpoint models that could not accommodate part-load conditions and complex part-load models which are too expensive for small scale cogeneration proposals. In addition, the model contains economic analysis tools to analyse the thermoeconomic performance of the plant and to conduct a cash flow analysis. These features are an extension to the static and part-load models. The model consists of four submodels: a load, system, plant and economic model. The load submodel drives the cogeneration plant simulation, supplying utility demands to the system models. The system submodels calculate the steam required by the system components to meet the utility demands. The plant submodel then predicts turbine and boiler performance as they meet the steam demand. The primary plant submodel outputs are the electricity generated and quantity of coal consumed by the boiler, which are used by the economic submodel to conduct a thermoeconomic analysis of the site as well as a discounted cash flow analysis. This method of modelling results in a model that can predict plant performance with respect to varying load and then use those data to conduct a meaningful economic performance analysis of the site.

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Practical modelling of micro combined heat and power applications for local authority district heating schemes

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 1: Historical perspective

Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 1: Historical perspective

Life cycle optimization of building energy systems

Modelling of cogeneration systems. Part 2: Development of a quasi-static cogeneration model (steam turbine cogeneration analysis)

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