Practical liquid diets for rats: Effects on growth

Ramírez, Israel

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(87)90384-2

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Recent studies by Ramirez (1987Ramirez ( , 1991 have shown that rats fed on diets with inclusions of 0-32, 0-50 or 0-71 water per part of food gained significantly more weight 0007-1668/95/030357-13 © 1995, British Poultry Science Ltd 358 A. Y. YALDA AND J. M. FORBES than rats fed on dry diets. This was not simply the consequences of an improvement in "palatability" because when the wet diet was made less palatable by the addition of sucrose octaacetate rats still overate and became obese compared to the rats fed on the normal diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food intake and growth in chickens given food in the wet form with and without access to drinking water

Yalda

Forbes

1995

British Poultry Science

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1. Individually caged growing chickens were offered a commercial grower food mixed with 1.5 to 2.25 times the weight of water and the effects, compared to giving the same food in air-dry form, on food intake, body weight gain and carcase composition were investigated. 2. Male broilers (24) were given either a grower food in the air-dry form with access to drinking water or the same food mixed with 2.0 parts of water (700 g water/kg of mixed food) with no drinking water from 28 to 49 d of age. From 49 to 63 d all birds were given dry food and drinking water and were then killed for carcase analysis. Food intake and weight gain were significantly increased during the wet-feeding period, as was carcase protein but not abdominal or carcase fat at the end of the experiment. 3. Five male broilers were given each of 5 dietary treatments containing 0 (control), 1.5, 1.75, 2.0 and 2.25 times added water (640, 673, 700 and 723 g water/kg) from 28 to 49 d. Food intakes, body weight gains and carcase weights were significantly increased for all water additions compared with dry food, but there were no significant differences between different water additions. 4. Female broiler chicks responded to wet feeding (700 g water/kg) in a similar manner to males and the dry matter approximate digestibility was increased from 0.65 for the dry food to 0.73 for the wet. 5. Cockerels of an egg-laying strain did not increase their intake of dietary dry matter when it was fed in the wet form (700 g water/kg), but there was a significant increase in body weight gain. 6. Male broilers were offered wet food (700 g water/kg) with or without access to drinking water. There was equal stimulation of food intake, growth and carcase weight with both wet-feeding treatments. 7. Providing food mixed with sufficient water to give a porridge-like consistency significantly increased weight gains in each of the five experiments and significantly improved food conversion efficiency in three of the five. It is not necessary to withhold drinking water in order to obtain this effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food intake and growth in chickens given food in the wet form with and without access to drinking water

Yalda

Forbes

1995

British Poultry Science

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“…In the first experiment animals were habituated to a nutritionally balanced liquid chow diet (basad on that described by Ramirez 1987). The diet was prepared fresh each morning using the following recipe: One part powdered diet (Mazuri diet, SDS, Witham, Essex, UK), four parts tap water with 0.94 g Xanthan gum (Sigma, UK) to 100 g powdered diet, added as a binding agent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

8-OH-DPAT elicits feeding and not chewing: evidence from liquid diet studies and a diet choice test

1988

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There have been recent claims that the 5-HT1A agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) elicits chewing and eating of solid but not liquid foods. Therefore, the effects of 8-OH-DPAT and another 5-HT1A agonist gepirone on the consumption of a liquid chow diet, by free feeding male rats, were examined. Both drugs produced a dose-dependent increase in the consumption of liquid diet during a 2 h test. The doses of 8-OH-DPAT and gepirone which increased liquid diet intake in this study were in the same range as those which were found previously to increase food pellet consumption by free feeding rats. The effects of 8-OH-DPAT were also examined in a feeding choice test in which free feeding animals were allowed to choose between food pellets and a liquid chow diet. In this test, 8-OH-DPAT significantly increased total food intake (liquid plus pellet) but had no significant effect on the consumption of either liquid or pellet diets when analysed separately. Thus, there were large individual differences in diet choice after 8-OH-DPAT injection. However, rats did not consistently choose to eat food pellets rather than the liquid diet, as would be predicted if the drug elicited chewing rather than eating. These results provide strong evidence that 8-OH-DPAT elicits a behaviourally specific hyperphagia and not chewing or gnawing.

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Role of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor subtypes in mediating dopamine agonist effects on food consumption in rats

Martin‐Iverson

Dourish

1988

Psychopharmacology

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The effects of selective D-2 and D-1 dopamine (DA) receptor agonists on food consumption were investigated in free-feeding rats. A selective D-2 receptor agonist, (+)-4-propyl-9-hydroxynaphthoxazine (PHNO), increased the consumption of standard food pellets in the dose range of 7.5-120 micrograms/kg, while SKF 38393 (5.0 mg/kg), a selective D-1 receptor agonist, decreased food pellet intake. The increase in food pellet intake produced by PHNO was blocked by haloperidol (an antagonist relatively selective for the D-2 receptor at the dose used, 0.05 mg/kg) and SCH 23390 (20 micrograms/kg, a D-1 receptor selective antagonist). Increasing "arousal" by disturbance associated with repeated food weighing also increased food pellet consumption, but did not diminish PHNO-elicited feeding. However, the same range of doses of PHNO (7.5-120 micrograms/kg) which increased food pellet intake decreased consumption of a liquid diet, and had no overall effect on a highly palatable liquid diet. The increase in consumption of solid food induced by PHNO appears to be secondary to enhancement of chewing behaviors. In contrast, the decrease in food intake induced by SKF 39393 may be due to a direct action of the drug on neural feeding mechanisms.

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Practical liquid diets for rats: Effects on growth

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Food intake and growth in chickens given food in the wet form with and without access to drinking water

Food intake and growth in chickens given food in the wet form with and without access to drinking water

8-OH-DPAT elicits feeding and not chewing: evidence from liquid diet studies and a diet choice test

Role of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor subtypes in mediating dopamine agonist effects on food consumption in rats

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