Practical kinetic modeling of petroleum generation and expulsion

Stainforth, J. G.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.01.006

Cited by 126 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Primary products of pyrolysis are liquid, gas, and coke. The extent of decomposition (yield) and the quality of pyrolysis products depend on the composition of the source material, [5][6][7] the temperature-time history, 8,9 pressure, [10][11][12] residence time (secondary reaction), 13,14 and presence of other reactants such as water, [15][16][17][18] etc. Because of the chemical composition of the oil produced, moderate to significant upgrading (nitrogen removal and/or hydrogen addition) may be required to convert the oil into a refinery feedstock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed kinetic analysis of oil shale pyrolysis TGA data

Tiwari

Deo

2011

AIChE Journal

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There are significant resources of oil shale in the western United States, which if exploited in an environmentally responsible manner would provide secure access to transportation fuels. Understanding the kinetics of kerogen decomposition to oil is critical to designing a viable process. A dataset of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the Green River oil shale is provided and two distinct data analysis approachesadvanced isoconversional method and parameter fitting are used to analyze the data. Activation energy distributions with conversion calculated using the isoconversional method (along with uncertainties) ranged between 93 and 245 kJ/mol. Root mean square errors between the model and experimental data were the lowest for the isoconversional method, but the distributed reactivity models also produced reasonable results. When using parameter fitting approaches, a number of models produce similar results making model choice difficult. Advanced isoconversional method is better in this regard, but maybe applicable to a limited number of reaction pathways. V

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed kinetic analysis of oil shale pyrolysis TGA data

Tiwari

Deo

2011

AIChE Journal

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“…As the maturity increases, the residual liquid hydrocarbons will be further cracked to form more light components and gaseous hydrocarbons, and the pressure in the source rocks will be further increased to promote more hydrocarbon expulsion outside the source rocks [14,15,17]. Thus, as the maturity increases, the content of residual petroleum in the source rocks will gradually decrease while the light component content will increase.…”

Section: Retained Petroleum In Source Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Residual petroleum refers to those retained in source rocks and along migration pathways. Since there is no systematic evaluation method for quantifying residual petroleum, there remains a great controversy on this issue [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The amount of residual petroleum in source rocks could be calculated using expulsion efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kelemen et al [14] discovered chemical fractionation during hydrocarbon expulsion based on the swelling-theory and thus established the Exxon CS-CYM model to predict hydrocarbon compositions on the basis of chemical structures and production [15,19]. Stainforth [17] thought that hydrocarbon expulsion is achieved by diffusion via organic pore system and set a generation and expulsion model, ShellGenex, including both the transition state theory and the free volume theory. The model suggests that hydrocarbon expulsion is a continuous process with decreasing GOR of the expelled petroleum and increasing density of the expelled oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insight into the Kinetics of Deep Liquid Hydrocarbon Cracking and Its Significance

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2017

Geofluids

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The deep marine natural gas accumulations in China are mainly derived from the cracking of liquid hydrocarbons with different occurrence states. Besides accumulated oil in reservoir, the dispersed liquid hydrocarbon in and outside source also is important source for cracking gas generation or relayed gas generation in deep formations. In this study, nonisothermal gold tube pyrolysis and numerical calculations as well as geochemical analysis were conducted to ascertain the expulsion efficiency of source rocks and the kinetics for oil cracking. By determination of light liquid hydrocarbons and numerical calculations, it is concluded that the residual bitumen or hydrocarbons within source rocks can occupy about 50 wt.% of total oil generated at oil generation peak. This implies that considerable amounts of natural gas can be derived from residual hydrocarbon cracking and contribute significantly to the accumulation of shale gas. Based on pyrolysis experiments and kinetic calculations, we established a model for the cracking of oil and its different components. In addition, a quantitative gas generation model was also established to address the contribution of the cracking of residual oil and expulsed oil for natural gas accumulations in deep formations. These models may provide us with guidance for gas resource evaluation and future gas exploration in deep formations.

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“…In addition there has been re-assessment of some of the 'constants', for example the heat-generating capacity and thermal structure of the continental crust itself (Jackson et al 2008) and kinetic parameters used in hydrocarbon modelling (Stainforth 2009). …”

Section: Heat Flow Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive margins: overview

Levell

Argent

Doré³

et al. 2010

PGC

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Passive margins have been the reliable, accessible mainstay of exploration success worldwide for the last 25 years, and have hosted the spectacularly fast exploitation of deepwater resources (Angola, Nigeria, Brazil, Trinidad, USA Gulf of Mexico, Egypt, Australia and India). Despite, or perhaps because of this, there is still much to learn about the variety of hydrocarbon habitats they present.For example: (1) deep seismic observations and deep sea drilling have revealed more of the diversity of passive margins geodynamics. This liberates explorationists from simple geodynamic models, with consequences not only for new views of thermal history but also for the whole tectonic and stratigraphic evolution. For example, the time significance assigned to the geometries traditionally labelled 'pre-rift, syn-rift and sag' may be misleading. This has implications for correlations, the significance assigned to unconformities and sequence boundaries, heat flow and structural history. (2) New deep imaging of the sedimentary sections has revealed mistaken assumptions about the importance of 'mobile substrate' in major deltas and allowed the detailed unravelling of salt and shale movement and its implications for reservoir and trap. (3) Depositional models for deepwater reservoirs have increased in predictive capability and modern seismic imaging supports new models for shallow water sequences. (4) Discoveries of very large amounts of dry bacterial methane in stratigraphic traps have challenged old assumptions about prospectivity based on thermally matured source rocks. (5) New engineering and development technologies are opening up the commercialization of remote frontiers. As a consequence there is legitimate scope to re-visit old 'dogmas' and to propose that each passive margin segment is best regarded as unique, with analysis and interpretation rooted in observation rather than models (at least while the newly proposed models evolve to stability). Many of these themes were visited in the Passive Margins session of the Seventh Petroleum Geology Conference, held in London in 2009. This paper outlines some of these ideas, and considers how exploration along passive margins in the next decade can use new geoscience thinking.

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Practical kinetic modeling of petroleum generation and expulsion

Cited by 126 publications

References 112 publications

Detailed kinetic analysis of oil shale pyrolysis TGA data

Detailed kinetic analysis of oil shale pyrolysis TGA data

New Insight into the Kinetics of Deep Liquid Hydrocarbon Cracking and Its Significance

Passive margins: overview

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