Practical issues related to the application of piezoelectric based wave propagation technique in monitoring of concrete curing

Lim, Yee Yan; Kwong, Kok Zee; Liew, Willey Yun Hsien; Soh, Chee Kiong

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.06.163

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This technique used a built-in network of piezoelectric actuators and sensors to generate and receive propagating stress waves over a wide range of frequencies; Roh and Chang [ 16 ] developed a diagnostic technique to detect the location and size of anomalies in isotropic plates; Wang [ 17 ] developed an active diagnostic system to detect embedded damage in fiber-reinforced composites and steel-reinforced concrete; and Song et al [ 18 ] used piezoceramic transducers for damage detection of a reinforced concrete bridge bent-cap. During the experimental test, one embedded piezoceramic patch was used as an actuator to generate high frequency waves, and the other piezoceramic patch worked as a sensor to detect propagating waves; Lim et al [ 19 ] performed experimental studies to investigate the application of the wave propagation method for concrete curing and monitoring of strength development; Lu et al [ 20 ] investigated the propagation of ultrasonic waves in rebar-reinforced concrete beams for damage detection. An experimental test demonstrated that the surface-attached PZT disks were able to detect the change in material properties due to the existence of cracking; Xu et al [ 21 ] proposed an active interface condition monitoring approach for concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) using functional smart aggregates as an actuator and PZT patches bonded on the surface of the steel tube as sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of PZT Technology and Clustering Algorithm for Debonding Detection of Steel-UHPC Composite Slabs

Yan

Zou

Dong

et al. 2018

Sensors

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A lightweight composite bridge deck system composed of steel orthotropic deck stiffened with thin Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) layer has been proposed to eliminate fatigue cracks in orthotropic steel decks. The debonding between steel deck and UHPC layer may be introduced during construction and operation phases, which could cause adverse consequences, such as crack-induced water invasion and distinct reduction of the shear resistance. The piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based technologies are used to detect interfacial debonding defects between the steel deck and the UHPC layer. Both impedance analysis and wave propagation method are employed to extract debonding features of the steel-UHPC composite slab with debonding defect in different sizes and thicknesses. Experimental tests are performed on two steel-UHPC composite slabs and a conventional steel-concrete composite deck. Additionally, an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-k-means clustering algorithm is adopted to obtain debonding patterns based on the feature data set. The laboratory tests demonstrate that the proposed approach provides an effective way to detect interfacial debonding of steel-UHPC composite deck.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of PZT Technology and Clustering Algorithm for Debonding Detection of Steel-UHPC Composite Slabs

Yan

Zou

Dong

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…Changes in the sensor voltage over time are considered as indications of changes in the material properties such as stiffness/mass [12,13,14]. Despite the successful application of this approach in sensing damage, some factors, such as the applied actuator’s voltage, the distance between the actuator and the sensor, and the frequency of actuation, require careful consideration during the monitoring phase if a noise-free signal is required [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing of Damage and Repair of Cement Mortar Using Electromechanical Impedance

2019

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Lead zirconium titanate (PZT) has recently emerged as a low-cost material for non-destructive monitoring for civil structures. Despite the numerous studies employing PZT transducers for structural health monitoring, no studies have assessed the effects of both damage and repair on the electromechanical impedance response in cementitious materials. To this end, this study was conducted to assess the effects of the damage and repair of mortar samples on the electromechanical response of a surface-mounted PZT transducer. When damage was introduced to the specimen in stages, the resonance frequencies of the admittance signature were shifted to lower frequencies as the damage increased, and an increase in the peak amplitude was detected, indicating an increase in the damping and a reduction in the material stiffness properties. Also, increasing the damage in the material has been shown to decrease the sensitivity of the PZT to further damage. During the repair process, a noticeable difference between the after-damage and the after-repair admittance signatures was noted. The root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) showed a decreasing trend during the repair process, when compared to the before repair RMSD response which indicated a partial recovery for the material properties by decreasing the damping property in the material.

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“…However, in general, the above methods are not suitable for real-time monitoring, Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) transducers, which have the advantages of low cost, wide bandwidth, strong piezoelectric effect, availability in different shapes, and sensing and actuating abilities, have been extensively researched for structural health monitoring of various structures [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. To bridge the gap between laboratory studies and engineering practice, Lim et al used PZT to perform a series of experimental studies on practical issues, such as the consistency of wave velocities, repeatability of the sensor’s electrical signatures, and the optimum frequency of actuation in concrete structures [ 18 ]. Lu et al developed an electromechanical impedance method to monitor the strength of cementitious materials using the resonance frequency of a PZT-based smart probe [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of Grouting Compactness Monitoring in a Post-Tensioning Tendon Duct Using Piezoceramic Transducers

Jiang

Zheng

Huo

et al. 2017

Sensors

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With the development of the post-tensioning technique, prestressed concrete structures have been widely used in civil engineering. To ensure the long-term effectiveness of the prestressed tendon, the grouting quality of the tendon duct is one of the important factors. However, it is still a challenge to monitor the grouting quality of post-tensioning tendon ducts, due to the invisibility of the grouting. The authors’ previous work proposed a real-time method that employed a stress wave-based active sensing approach with piezoceramic transducers to monitor the grouting compactness of a Post-Tensioning Tendon Duct (PTTD). To further understand the piezoceramic induced stress wave propagation in the PTTD with different grouting levels, this paper develops a two-dimensional finite element model for monitoring the grouting compactness of the tendon duct with a piezoceramic transducer. A smart aggregate (SA) developed to utilize one Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) transducer with marble protection is installed in the center location of the tendon duct as an actuator. Two PZT patches are bonded on the bottom and top surface of the tendon duct as the sensors. The analysis results show that the finite element analysis results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which demonstrates that the finite element analysis is feasible and reliable. For the top half of the specimen, not much stress wave could be detected before the full grouting level, except for negligible signals that may propagate through the walls of the tendon duct. When the tendon duct grouting is at 100%, the stress wave propagates to the top of the specimen, and the displacements are symmetric in both left-right and top-bottom directions before the stress waves reach the boundary. The proposed two-dimensional finite element model has the potential to be implemented to simulate the stress wave propagation principle for monitoring grouting compaction of the post-tensioning tendon duct.

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Practical issues related to the application of piezoelectric based wave propagation technique in monitoring of concrete curing

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

Application of PZT Technology and Clustering Algorithm for Debonding Detection of Steel-UHPC Composite Slabs

Application of PZT Technology and Clustering Algorithm for Debonding Detection of Steel-UHPC Composite Slabs

Sensing of Damage and Repair of Cement Mortar Using Electromechanical Impedance

Finite Element Analysis of Grouting Compactness Monitoring in a Post-Tensioning Tendon Duct Using Piezoceramic Transducers

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