Practical experiences with a system for site‐specific weed control in arable crops using real‐time image analysis and GPS‐controlled patch spraying

Gerhards, Roland; Oebel, Horst

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.2006.00504.x

Cited by 162 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…An image processing system that estimates the relative leaf area is described as one of the most adequate methods for this purpose (Burgos-Artizzu et al, 2009). Several sophisticated approaches based on satellite images, robotic systems, and specific tools for weed identification have been developed (Gerhards & Oebel, 2006;Dammer & Wartenberg, 2007;López-Granados, 2011). Most of these tools require high levels of training for operation and have high costs associated with the technology and machinery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reflectance indices as a diagnostic tool for weed control performed by multipurpose equipment in precision agriculture

et al. 2012

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Several tools of precision agriculture have been developed for specific uses. However, this specificity may hinder the implementation of precision agriculture due to an increasing in costs and operational complexity. The use of vegetation index sensors which are traditionally developed for crop fertilization, for site-specific weed management can provide multiple utilizations of these sensors and result in the optimization of precision agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between reflectance indices of weeds obtained by the GreenSeekerTM sensor and conventional parameters used for weed interference quantification. Two experiments were conducted with soybean and corn by establishing a gradient of weed interference through the use of pre- and post-emergence herbicides. The weed quantification was evaluated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the ratio of red to near infrared (Red/NIR) obtained using the GreenSeekerTM sensor, the visual weed control, the weed dry matter, and digital photographs, which supplied information about the leaf area coverage proportions of weed and straw. The weed leaf coverage obtained using digital photography was highly associated with the NDVI (r = 0.78) and the Red/NIR (r = -0.74). The weed dry matter also positively correlated with the NDVI obtained in 1 m linear (r = 0.66). The results indicated that the GreenSeekerTM sensor originally used for crop fertilization could also be used to obtain reflectance indices in the area between rows of crops to support decision-making programs for weed control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, these technologies were related to weed detection to compose a weed map and to be used later in a decision-making weed control system (Gerhards & Oebel, 2006). Today, several systems can simultaneously achieve weed detection and elimination (Ge et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflectance indices as a diagnostic tool for weed control performed by multipurpose equipment in precision agriculture

et al. 2012

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“…Gerhards and Oebel 2006, Gebhardt and Kühbauch 2007, Martín et al 2011. Clearly, once the availability of rapid and reliable mapping methods allows the practical application of site-specific weed control, research analysing the impact of site-specific weed management on crop yield and weed populations, such as that presented here, will become more important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of site-specific weed management on herbicide savings and winter wheat yield

Hamouz¹,

Hamouzová²,

Holec³

et al. 2013

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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There is much documentation in the scientific literature (e.g. Clay et al. 1999, Hamouz et al. 2006, Gerhards et al. 2012) that weeds are distributed in a patchy manner throughout agricultural fields. An aggregated distribution pattern of weed populations provides opportunity to reduce the herbicide application if site-specific weed management is adopted. Gerhards et al. (2002) achieved herbicide savings of 60% and 92% for dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds, respectively, in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation, and savings of 11% and 81% were achieved for the same weed groups for maize (Zea mays L.). In two winter wheat fields, Häusler et al. (1998) found that herbicide applications were necessary for 24% and 35% of the area for Galium aparine L., for 25% and 31% for other dicotyledonous weeds and for 55% and 7.5% for grasses. Using a simulation, Christensen and Heisel (1998) estimated a 40% reduction of herbicide consumption, and Nordmeyer and Häusler (2000) calculated the need for herbicide application from 7% to 64% of the total area in various fields.Site-specific weed management is based on the threshold concept: the aim is to adjust the intensity of management practices to the actual degree of weed infestation, with only those areas having a weed density exceeding the predefined control threshold typically being treated. However, sitespecific weed management requires the precise setting of control thresholds for effectiveness and reliability. Furthermore, both areas that are treated superfluously and unsprayed areas that will show increases in weed infestation should be Impact of site-specific weed management on herbicide savings and winter wheat yield P. Hamouz, K. Hamouzová, J. Holec, L. Tyšer Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic ABSTRACTAn aggregated distribution pattern of weed populations provides opportunity to reduce the herbicide application if site-specific weed management is adopted. This work is focused on the practical testing of site-specific weed management in a winter wheat and the optimisation of the control thresholds. Patch spraying was applied to an experimental field in Central Bohemia. Total numbers of 512 application cells were arranged into 16 blocks, which allowed the randomisation of four treatments in four replications. Treatment 1 represented blanket spraying and the other treatments differed by the herbicide application thresholds. The weed infestation was estimated immediately before the post-emergence herbicide application. Treatment maps for every weed group were created based on the weed abundance data and relevant treatment thresholds. The herbicides were applied using a sprayer equipped with boom section control. The herbicide savings were calculated for every treatment and the differences in the grain yield between the treatments were tested using the analysis of variance. The site-specific applications provided herbicide savings ...

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“…Gerhards and Oebel (2006) calculated total herbicide savings in winter rape of 20% against broadleaved species and 22% against grass weeds. Greater savings are reported for other winter crops.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of site-specific weed management in winter crops on yield and weed populations

Hamouz¹,

Hamouzová²,

Tyšer³

et al. 2014

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Site-specific weed management (SSWM) methods allow spatially variable treatment of weed populations according to actual weed abundance, thus offering the opportunity for herbicide savings. However, SSWM's effect on weed population dynamics is not sufficiently understood. In this study, SSWM was conducted based on various application thresholds to analyse the effects on crop yield and weed infestation in the succeeding crop. SSWM was used on a 3.07 ha experimental field in winter wheat (2011) and winter oilseed rape (2012). The whole area was split into application cells of 6 × 10 m and abundance of all weed species was evaluated manually in each cell. Four different herbicide treatments were tested. Standard whole-field herbicide application (blanket spraying) was treatment 1. Treatments 2, 3 and 4 comprised SSWM using different thresholds for post-emergent herbicide application. SSWM resulted in savings of post-emergent herbicides ranging from 71.9% to 100%, depending on the application threshold. Differences in winter rape yield among treatments were generally small and statistically insignificant (P = 0.989). Although some minor changes in weed abundances were observable, the experiment showed that none of the site-specific herbicide treatments caused a significant (α = 0.05) increase of weed species abundance compared to the standard treatment.

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Practical experiences with a system for site‐specific weed control in arable crops using real‐time image analysis and GPS‐controlled patch spraying

Cited by 162 publications

References 18 publications

Reflectance indices as a diagnostic tool for weed control performed by multipurpose equipment in precision agriculture

Reflectance indices as a diagnostic tool for weed control performed by multipurpose equipment in precision agriculture

Impact of site-specific weed management on herbicide savings and winter wheat yield

Effect of site-specific weed management in winter crops on yield and weed populations

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