Practical dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride wastes in NaOH/ethylene glycol using an up-scale ball mill reactor and validation by discrete element method simulations

Lu, Jiaqi; Borjigin, Siqingaowa; Kumagai, Shogo; Kameda, Tomohito; Saito, Yuko; Yoshioka, Toshiaki

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.08.034

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Details of the de-Cl experiments and the up-scale ball-mill reactor were reported in our previous studies 39 and are summarized in section S1.3 (SI). The effectiveness of the de-Cl process for various throughputs of PVC waste (from 100 to 1000 g) was investigated in this study.…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental conditions are summarized in Table 1 along with the reutilization of experimental data from our previous study. 39 After adding the PVC samples and grinding balls with 5 L of EG solvent to the reactor, de-Cl treatment was started by running the electric furnace and motor. During treatment, the energy consumptions of the furnaces and the motor were recorded at 1 s intervals by a midi LOGGER GL840 (GRAPHTEC Co.).…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 Instead of the Cl emission back into the environment in the conventional waste treatment, the recovered NaCl can be used in the chlor-alkali industry to offset the impacts of producing virgin salt. In addition, since up to 99 wt % Cl can be removed from the hydrocarbon, 39 dechlorinated PVC waste can be converted into petrochemical products by FR to offset the carbon emissions during the waste incineration.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 Furthermore, the effectiveness and the process mechanism of the de-Cl treatment for real PVC waste were validated by the up-scale de-Cl process. 39,41 To determine the unforeseen additional impacts from the implementation of new technologies, in this study, the potential life-cycle environmental impacts of the advanced PVC waste treatment with Cl recovery were modeled on the basis of results obtained from practical experiments and a simulation. Because the industrial-scale ED process was modeled for the NaCl/EG solvent recovery, the inventory of the industrial-scale de-Cl process should be updated.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Advance of Cl Recovery from Polyvinyl Chloride Waste Based on Experiment, Simulation, and Ex Ante Life-Cycle Assessment

Kumagai

Fukushima

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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For sustainability, it is necessary to consider potential life-cycle environmental impacts during the early stage development of key technologies. In this study, ways to address the intractable problem of recycling polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste were considered by a combined approach including experiments, simulations, and an ex ante life-cycle assessment (LCA). The potential life-cycle environmental impacts of an industrial-scale Cl recovery process, including the dechlorination of PVC by ball-milling and product recovery by electrodialysis, were estimated on the basis of up-scale experiments and a validated simulation method. The LCA model reveals the changes in the impacts for various operation conditions (e.g., charged balls) to determine the optimal design for mitigating the impacts. The proposed technical countermeasures for the quantitatively determined main contributors have the potential to substantially reduce the greenhouse gas emissions associated with PVC. This sustainability strategy shows that it is possible to develop emerging technologies while being committed to minimizing the potential environmental impacts of that technology.

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Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sustainable Advance of Cl Recovery from Polyvinyl Chloride Waste Based on Experiment, Simulation, and Ex Ante Life-Cycle Assessment

Kumagai

Fukushima

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…[107] Lu et al demonstrated the dechlorination of PVC in a ball mill reactor using 1 m NaOH in EG solvent at 190°C and the removal rate could achieve > 99 %. [108] Jin and co-workers proposed the simultaneous PVC dechlorination and the CO 2 reduction [109,110] into valuable formate under hydrothermal conditions. [111] In the work, bicarbonate and carbonate salts were employed as the starting materials to represent absorbed CO 2 solutions.…”

Section: Energy-associated Techniques For Plastic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in the Chemical Upcycling of Plastic Wastes

2021

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The massive generation of plastic wastes without satisfactory treatment has induced severe environmental problems and gained increasing attentions. In this Minireview, recent progresses in the chemical upcycling of plastic wastes by using various methods (mainly in the past three to five years) is summarized. The chemical upcycling of plastic wastes points out a "plastic-based refinery" concept, which is to use the plastic wastes as platform feedstocks to produce highly valuable monomeric or oligomeric compounds, putting the plastic wastes back into a circular economy. The different chemical methods to upcycle plastic wastes, including hydrogenolysis, photocatalysis, pyrolysis, solvolysis, and others, are introduced in each section to valorize diverse plastic feedstocks into value-added chemicals, materials, or fuels. In addition, other emerging technologies as well as the new generation of plastic thermosets are covered.

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Mechanochemical dechlorination of petrochemical sludge through a planetary ball mill and using industrial wastes as additives

Alavi

Adabi

Sadani

et al. 2022

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Mechanochemical treatment causes the formation of mineral Cl compounds during the degradation of polychlorinated compounds by planetary ball mill. In the present study, the three types of industrial waste comprising of sludge from petrochemical wastewater treatment plants as source of pollutants, scrap iron and petrochemical water treatment plant sludge as co‐milling reagents were used. The raw samples and the milled products were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. Further analyses such as ion chromatography and X‐ray fluorescence were performed. The analysis results confirmed that the milling process degraded persistent organic pollutants and showed that major changes occurred in the organic phases, carbon and chlorine bonds. The yield of chloride ions was investigated using Ion Chromatography. The highest percentage of de‐Cl products (95.6%) was achieved after 6 h in equal proportions of reagents. Furthermore, CaCl2 and FeCl2 were present in the final milling product.

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Practical dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride wastes in NaOH/ethylene glycol using an up-scale ball mill reactor and validation by discrete element method simulations

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Sustainable Advance of Cl Recovery from Polyvinyl Chloride Waste Based on Experiment, Simulation, and Ex Ante Life-Cycle Assessment

Sustainable Advance of Cl Recovery from Polyvinyl Chloride Waste Based on Experiment, Simulation, and Ex Ante Life-Cycle Assessment

Recent Progress in the Chemical Upcycling of Plastic Wastes

Mechanochemical dechlorination of petrochemical sludge through a planetary ball mill and using industrial wastes as additives

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