Practical Benefits, Challenges, and Recommendations on Social Media Recruitment: Multi-Stakeholder Interview Study

Abstract

Background The increasing use of social media opens new opportunities for recruiting patients for research studies. However, systematic evaluations indicate that the success of social media recruitment in terms of cost-effectiveness and representativeness depends on the type of study and its purpose. Objective This study aims to explore the practical benefits and challenges of recruiting study participants with social media in the context of clinical and nonclinical studies and provide a summary of expert advice on how to conduct social media–based recruitment. Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with 6 patients with hepatitis B who use social media and 30 experts from the following disciplines: (1) social media researchers or social scientists, (2) practical experts for social media recruitment, (3) legal experts, (4) ethics committee members, and (5) clinical researchers. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results We found diverging expert opinions regarding the challenges and benefits of social media recruitment for research studies in four domains: (1) resources needed, (2) representativeness, (3) web-based community building, and (4) privacy considerations. Moreover, the interviewed experts provided practical advice on how to promote a research study via social media. Conclusions Even though recruitment strategies should always be sensitive to individual study contexts, a multiplatform approach (recruiting via several different social media platforms) with mixed-methods recruitment (web-based and offline recruitment channels) is the most beneficial recruitment strategy for many research studies. The different recruitment methods complement each other and may contribute to improving the reach of the study, the recruitment accrual, and the representativeness of the sample. However, it is important to assess the context- and project-specific appropriateness and usefulness of social media recruitment before designing the recruitment strategy.

Acceptance of social media recruitment for clinical studies among Hepatitis B patients in Germany: A mixed methods study (Preprint)

“…This study is part of the EU-funded international research consortium "TherVacB -A Therapeutic Vaccine to Cure Hepatitis B", work package 6 (ethical, legal, and social aspects of social media recruitment). Employing a mixed-methods design, we first conducted an explorative qualitative multi-stakeholder interview study assessing the ethical, legal, social, and practical implications of social media recruitment for clinical studies 2 . The hypotheses investigated in this paper are based on these interviews and a conceptual literature review mapping the ethical implications of social media recruitment 3 .…”

“…Recruiting clinical study participants through social media has the potential to increase the recruitment accrual in a cost-effective way 1 . This way of recruitment is increasingly used (often in parallel to other recruitment strategies), even though it can be resource-intensive and social media recruitment alone may be of limited representativeness 2 . Recruiting patients via social media comes with ethical issues, particularly for clinical studies.…”

Acceptance of social media recruitment for clinical studies among Hepatitis B patients in Germany: A mixed methods study (Preprint)

“…This study is part of the EU-funded international research consortium "TherVacB -A Therapeutic Vaccine to Cure Hepatitis B", work package 6 (ethical, legal, and social aspects of social media recruitment). Employing a mixed-methods design, we first conducted an explorative qualitative multi-stakeholder interview study assessing the ethical, legal, social, and practical implications of social media recruitment for clinical studies 2 . The hypotheses investigated in this paper are based on these interviews and a conceptual literature review mapping the ethical implications of social media recruitment 11 .…”