Practical approaches to plant volatile analysis

Tholl, Dorothea; Boland, Wilhelm; Hansel, Armin; Loreto, Francesco; Röse, Ursula S. R.; Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2005.02612.x

Cited by 524 publications

(467 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Details on isoprene analysis by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometer can be found in Tholl et al (2006). Data represent means 6 SE of measurements on seven different plants.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Thermostability of Thylakoid Membranes in Isoprene-Emitting Leaves Probed with Three Biophysical Techniques

et al. 2011

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Three biophysical approaches were used to get insight into increased thermostability of thylakoid membranes in isoprene-emittingplants.Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants genetically modified to make isoprene and Platanus orientalis leaves, in which isoprene emission was chemically inhibited, were used. First, in the circular dichroism spectrum the transition temperature of the main band at 694 nm was higher in the presence of isoprene, indicating that the heat stability of chiral macrodomains of chloroplast membranes, and specifically the stability of ordered arrays of light-harvesting complex IIphotosystem II in the stacked region of the thylakoid grana, was improved in the presence of isoprene. Second, the decay of electrochromic absorbance changes resulting from the electric field component of the proton motive force (DA 515 ) was evaluated following single-turnover saturating flashes. The decay of DA 515 was faster in the absence of isoprene when leaves of Arabidopsis and Platanus were exposed to high temperature, indicating that isoprene protects the thylakoid membranes against leakiness at elevated temperature. Finally, thermoluminescence measurements revealed that S 2 Q B 2 charge recombination was shifted to higher temperature in Arabidopsis and Platanus plants in the presence of isoprene, indicating higher activation energy for S 2 Q B 2 redox pair, which enables isoprene-emitting plants to perform efficient primary photochemistry of photosystem II even at higher temperatures. The data provide biophysical evidence that isoprene improves the integrity and functionality of the thylakoid membranes at high temperature. These results contribute to our understanding of isoprene mechanism of action in plant protection against environmental stresses.

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“…Details on isoprene analysis by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometer can be found in Tholl et al (2006). Data represent means 6 SE of measurements on seven different plants.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Thermostability of Thylakoid Membranes in Isoprene-Emitting Leaves Probed with Three Biophysical Techniques

et al. 2011

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“…To expose wheat to Z-3-HAC, a dynamic push-pull cuvette system was used (Tholl et al, 2006). Wheat plants were placed in one of four nalophan (Foodpack) cuvettes, each of which was assigned to one of the four above-mentioned treatments.…”

Section: Treatments and Cuvette Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Ameye

Audenaert²,

Zutter³

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

119

117

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Priming refers to a mechanism whereby plants are sensitized to respond faster and/or more strongly to future pathogen attack. Here, we demonstrate that preexposure to the green leaf volatile Z-3-hexenyl acetate (Z-3-HAC) primed wheat (Triticum aestivum) for enhanced defense against subsequent infection with the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Bioassays showed that, after priming with Z-3-HAC, wheat ears accumulated up to 40% fewer necrotic spikelets. Furthermore, leaves of seedlings showed significantly smaller necrotic lesions compared with nonprimed plants, coinciding with strongly reduced fungal growth in planta. Additionally, we found that F. graminearum produced more deoxynivalenol, a mycotoxin, in the primed treatment. Expression analysis of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes and exogenous methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate applications showed that plant defense against F. graminearum is sequentially regulated by SA and JA during the early and later stages of infection, respectively. Interestingly, analysis of the effect of Z-3-HAC pretreatment on SA-and JA-responsive gene expression in hormone-treated and pathogen-inoculated seedlings revealed that Z-3-HAC boosts JA-dependent defenses during the necrotrophic infection stage of F. graminearum but suppresses SA-regulated defense during its biotrophic phase. Together, these findings highlight the importance of temporally separated hormone changes in molding plant health and disease and support a scenario whereby the green leaf volatile Z-3-HAC protects wheat against Fusarium head blight by priming for enhanced JA-dependent defenses during the necrotrophic stages of infection.

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“…For the P. xylostella treatment, plants were placed with their root balls wrapped in aluminum foil in 3-L bell jars and volatiles were collected during 21 to 30 h from the start of larval feeding. Volatiles were trapped on 25 mg of Super-Q (hydroponic plants, insect feeding; Tholl et al, 2006) or 5 mg of activated charcoal (detached leaves) and eluted with 100 mL (Super-Q) or 40 mL (charcoal) of CH 2 Cl 2 containing 120 ng of nonyl acetate or 80 ng of 1-bromodecane, respectively, as an internal standard. No major differences in the volatile profiles were observed between the different trapping materials.…”

Section: Volatile Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Herbivore-Induced Volatile Terpenes among Arabidopsis Ecotypes Depends on Allelic Differences and Subcellular Targeting of Two Terpene Synthases, TPS02 and TPS03

et al. 2010

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When attacked by insects, plants release mixtures of volatile compounds that are beneficial for direct or indirect defense. Natural variation of volatile emissions frequently occurs between and within plant species, but knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. We investigated intraspecific differences of volatile emissions induced from rosette leaves of 27 accessions of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) upon treatment with coronalon, a jasmonate mimic eliciting responses similar to those caused by insect feeding. Quantitative variation was found for the emission of the monoterpene (E)-b-ocimene, the sesquiterpene (E,E)-a-farnesene, the irregular homoterpene 4,8,12-trimethyltridecatetra-1,3,7,11-ene, and the benzenoid compound methyl salicylate. Differences in the relative emissions of (E)-b-ocimene and (E,E)-a-farnesene from accession Wassilewskija (Ws), a high-(E)-b-ocimene emitter, and accession Columbia (Col-0), a trace-(E)-b-ocimene emitter, were attributed to allelic variation of two closely related, tandem-duplicated terpene synthase genes, TPS02 and TPS03. The Ws genome contains a functional allele of TPS02 but not of TPS03, while the opposite is the case for Col-0. Recombinant proteins of the functional Ws TPS02 and Col-0 TPS03 genes both showed (E)-b-ocimene and (E,E)-a-farnesene synthase activities. However, differential subcellular compartmentalization of the two enzymes in plastids and the cytosol was found to be responsible for the ecotype-specific differences in (E)-b-ocimene/(E,E)-a-farnesene emission. Expression of the functional TPS02 and TPS03 alleles is induced in leaves by elicitor and insect treatment and occurs constitutively in floral tissues. Our studies show that both pseudogenization in the TPS family and subcellular segregation of functional TPS enzymes control the variation and plasticity of induced volatile emissions in wild plant species.

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Practical approaches to plant volatile analysis

Cited by 524 publications

References 131 publications

Increased Thermostability of Thylakoid Membranes in Isoprene-Emitting Leaves Probed with Three Biophysical Techniques

Increased Thermostability of Thylakoid Membranes in Isoprene-Emitting Leaves Probed with Three Biophysical Techniques

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Variation of Herbivore-Induced Volatile Terpenes among Arabidopsis Ecotypes Depends on Allelic Differences and Subcellular Targeting of Two Terpene Synthases, TPS02 and TPS03

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