PPZPMs - a Novel Group of Cyclic Lipodepsipeptides Produced by thePhytophthora alniAssociated StrainPseudomonassp. JX090307 -the Missing Link between the Viscosin and Amphisin Group

Abstract

The closely related to the Pseudomonas orientalis strain Pseudomonas sp. acc. no. JX090307 was isolated from hyphae of the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora alni spp. alni. In in-vitro antagonistic tests, the living bacterium JX090307 and its cell extract showed antibiosis activity against different fungal pathogens of forest tree species, particularly against Verticillium dahliae and some strains of P. alni ssp. alni. Investigating the cell extract of JX090307 by means of LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS and-MS/MS techniques, more than 30 cyclic lipodepsipeptids (CLPs) were found. 24 of them belong to a novel group of CLPs named PPZPM. The cyclic lipodepsidecapeptides PPZPMs are composed of a β-hydroxy fatty acid linked to a peptide part comprising 10 amino acids, where 8 of them are organized in a cyclic structure. PPZPMs differ from members of the Viscosin and Amphisin group by the number of amino acids forming the cyclic structure. The two main components, PPZPM-1a and PPZPM-2a, were investigated additionally by means of NMR spectroscopy.

Characterization of Milkisin, a Novel Lipopeptide With Antimicrobial Properties Produced By Pseudomonas sp. UCMA 17988 Isolated From Bovine Raw Milk

“…Then the spin system residues were assigned to specific locations in their sequence by the observation of NOE between resonances of sequentially adjacent residues, HNi-HNi+1, Hαi-HNi+1, and Hβi-HNi+1. The NH proton of Leu1, which is the only Leu out of the macrocycle, was identified in accordance with the literature ( Weisshoff et al, 2014 ) and from a NOE correlation with H2’ (2.55 ppm) as the most deshielded Leu NH (8.55 ppm) and then served as a sequential starting point. The observation of NOES due to HNi-HNi+1 and Hαi-HNi+1 allowed assignment of fragments placed in a unique position in the sequence.…”

Cyclic Lipodepsipeptides From Pseudomonas spp. – Biological Swiss-Army Knives

“…These include the viscosin ( Groupé et al, 1951 ), orfamide ( Gross et al, 2007 ; Ma et al, 2016a ), amphisin ( Sorensen et al, 2001 ), syringomycin ( Segre et al, 1989 ), syringopeptin ( Ballio et al, 1991 ), and tolaasin groups ( Rainey et al, 1991 ; Bassarello et al, 2004 ). New CLPs are continuously found in numerous environments, and can be assigned to an existing group ( D’Aes et al, 2014 ; Weisshoff et al, 2014 ; Johnston et al, 2015 ; Michelsen et al, 2015a ; Zachow et al, 2015 ; Ma et al, 2016a ; Gotze et al, 2017 ) or constitute a new group, such as the recently discovered bananamides, ( Nguyen et al, 2016 ) and xantholysins ( Li et al, 2013 ). Finally, a variety of Ps-CLP have not yet formally been classified as a group ( Figure 1 ) but can be treated as such, if the oligopeptide length is used as criterion.…”

Antimicrobial Peptides in 2014

“…This section features new antimicrobial peptides discovered in 2014. Two major methods were utilized for peptide discovery: a combination of chromatographic approaches [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] and genomic and proteomic approaches [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The proteomic approach has the potential of identifying a large number of peptides.…”