PPGface

Choi, Seokmin; Gao, Yang; Jin, Yincheng; Kim, Se jun; Li, Jiyang; Xu, Wenyao; Jin, Zhanpeng

doi:10.1145/3534597

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“… One-shot motions: One-shot motions are not normally performed continuously, and they are often performed in normal social interactions as well as in the form of psychosomatic tics. The selection process for the one-shot motion artifacts was informed by both anatomy principles 28 and previous work 32 – 34 . In building our dataset, we look at Action Units (AUs) that entail the movement of the head, the eyes (and the adjacent muscles), and the mouth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EarSet: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Studying the Impact of Head and Facial Movements on In-Ear PPG Signals

Montanari,

Ferlini,

Balaji

et al. 2023

Sci Data

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Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a simple, yet powerful technique to study blood volume changes by measuring light intensity variations. However, PPG is severely affected by motion artifacts, which hinder its trustworthiness. This problem is pressing in earables since head movements and facial expressions cause skin and tissue displacements around and inside the ear. Understanding such artifacts is fundamental to the success of earables for accurate cardiovascular health monitoring. However, the lack of in-ear PPG datasets prevents the research community from tackling this challenge. In this work, we report on the design of an ear tip featuring a 3-channels PPG and a co-located 6-axis motion sensor. This, enables sensing PPG data at multiple wavelengths and the corresponding motion signature from both ears. Leveraging our device, we collected a multi-modal dataset from 30 participants while performing 16 natural motions, including both head/face and full body movements. This unique dataset will greatly support research towards making in-ear vital signs sensing more accurate and robust, thus unlocking the full potential of the next-generation PPG-equipped earables.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EarSet: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Studying the Impact of Head and Facial Movements on In-Ear PPG Signals

Montanari,

Ferlini,

Balaji

et al. 2023

Sci Data

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“…Taniguchi et al confirmed that an earphone-type sensor equipped with a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor can be utilized to measure the shape change of the ear canal caused by tongue movement, which can be used in applications such as music players [18]. Choi et al utilized earphones with a built-in optical heart rate sensor and an accelerometer to acquire changes in facial muscle movement and confirmed that the earphones could detect and recognize seven facial expressions of the user, including anger and surprise [19].…”

Section: Related Work a Hearing Assistance And Enhancement In Hearablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Frequency-Selective Loudness Reduction and Its Recovery Method in Hearables

Watanabe,

Kanemoto,

Terada

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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With the ongoing spread and functional improvement of hearables, we may soon find ourselves in a society where users are wearing hearables at all times. In a hearable environment of this kind, the constant presentation of aural information to users may impede their ability to hear external noises that require their attention. For example, suppose the constant presentation of information in a particular frequency band causes a reduction in the subjective perception of sound pressure (loudness) of the corresponding frequency band. In such a case, the response to environmental sounds that indicate danger (e.g., the sound of an approaching car or an emergency alarm) may be delayed, leading to potential disaster. In this study, we investigated (i) how the presentation of a sound of a specific frequency through a hearable affects the loudness, and (ii) which stimulus sound is most effective for recovering the decrease in loudness. In the first investigation, a loudspeaker presented the sound of a specific frequency that imitates environmental sound, and a hearable gave a stimulus sound of a particular frequency based on the frequency of the loudspeaker sound. The results showed that the loudness decreased by more than 10.0% in all stimulus sounds listened to with hearables, and the amount of the decrease tended to be larger the closer the frequency of the loudspeaker sound was to that of the hearable sound. In the second investigation, we hypothesized that the presence of specific recovery stimulus sounds would be effective in quickly restoring any loudness that had decreased, and the results showed that the amount of recovery was greater for all the recovery stimulus sounds we used compared to when the stimulus sounds were not presented.

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“…Although it is feasible to infer characteristics of the entire face using only local facial regions, this approach often requires significant power consumption. Notably, previous researches have incorporated sensors into various wearable items such as necklaces [11], headphones [13,46], hats [7], ear-mounted devices [6,8], and eyeglasses [60] to detect facial movements without direct full-face capture. However, the power requirements of these sensors, including RGB cameras and acoustic sensors like microphones and speakers [46,60], are typically too high for continuous operation, limiting their practicality for prolonged use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization Analysis of Smart Contract Technology Based on Citespace

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Economy, Data Modeling and Cloud Computing, ICIDC 2022, 17-19 June 2

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As an emerging technology, smart contract has attracted more and more attention. In order to deeply analyze the research status and development trend in the field of smart contract at home and abroad, we take the core journals of CNKI and ScienceNet database in recent ten years as the research object, and adopt the CiteSpace software to construct the knowledge maps for these literatures. We analyze author co-occurrence, keyword co-occurrence and keyword emergence respectively. The results show that the research on smart contract is constantly increasing at home and abroad, however the domestic research on smart contract is far behind foreign countries. The research hotspots of smart contract mainly lie in blockchain, Ethereum, privacy, security, consensus mechanism and so on. The future development frontier mainly focus on the fields of underlying architecture, application and security.

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PPGface

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

EarSet: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Studying the Impact of Head and Facial Movements on In-Ear PPG Signals

EarSet: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Studying the Impact of Head and Facial Movements on In-Ear PPG Signals

Investigation of Frequency-Selective Loudness Reduction and Its Recovery Method in Hearables

Visualization Analysis of Smart Contract Technology Based on Citespace

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