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Scharf, Wilfried

doi:10.1023/a:1003851102095

Cited by 42 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, lentic nutrient retention does not always occur, particularly in forested and smaller agricultural systems (Huang et al, 2015;Powers et al, 2014;Powers et al, 2015). Even after external sources of nutrients are reduced to a reservoir, N and P stored in lakebed sediments can internally load the water column, preventing any improvement in water quality and potentially triggering algal blooms (Granéli, 1999;Scharf, 1999). Internal nutrient loading from lakebed sediments is controlled by many factors including water residence times, loading history, and the chemical characteristics of the sediments (Søndergaard et al, 2003, and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediments in Agricultural Reservoirs Act as Sinks and Sources for Nutrients over Various Timescales

Shaughnessy

Sloan

Corcoran

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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Reservoirs along rivers have the potential to act as nutrient sinks (e.g., denitrification and sedimentation) or sources (e.g., decomposition and redox changes), potentially reducing or enhancing nutrient loads downstream. This study investigated the spatial and temporal variability of water and lakebed sediment chemistry for an agricultural reservoir, Carlyle Lake (Illinois, U.S.), to assess the role of sediments as nutrient sinks or sources. Samples were collected across the reservoir over a 2‐year period. We measured N‐ and P‐species in water at the sediment‐water interface, in sediment porewaters, and loosely bound to sediment exchange sites. Total N, total P, total C, organic matter, Fe, Mn, and grain size were measured in bulk sediments. We observed a strong gradient in sedimentary total N, total P, total C, organic matter, and metals along the reservoir, with the lowest concentrations at the river mouth and the highest concentrations near the dam. Additionally, we did a long‐term nutrient mass balance using historical water quality data for streams entering and exiting the reservoir and the reservoir itself. Mass balance calculations showed that Carlyle Lake, on average, removed 2,738 Mg N/year and released 121 Mg P/year over the multidecadal observation period. While N was consistently removed from the system over time, P was initially stored in, but later released from, the reservoir. The subsequent release of legacy P from the reservoir led to higher outgoing, compared with incoming, P loads. Thus, reservoirs in intensively managed landscapes can act as sinks for N but sources for P over decadal timescales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediments in Agricultural Reservoirs Act as Sinks and Sources for Nutrients over Various Timescales

Shaughnessy

Sloan

Corcoran

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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“…In this case, nitrogen-fixing organisms such as bluegreen bacteria will start to overdevelop to bring back the system into an equilibrium with the increased amount of available P. Accumulated, internal water body loadings could maintain excessive phosphorus levels even after external pollution sources had been eliminated [31][32][33].…”

Section: Environmental Effects Of Phosphorus Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Phosphorus Crisis: Resource Conservation and Possible Escape Technologies: A Review

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for every organism on the Earth, yet it is also a potential environmental pollutant, which may cause eutrophication of water bodies. Wastewater treatment plants worldwide are struggling to eliminate phosphorus from effluents, at great cost, yet current research suggests that the world may deplete the more available phosphorus reserves by around 2300. This, in addition to environmental concerns, evokes the need for new phosphorus recovery techniques to be developed, to meet future generations needs for renewable phosphorus supply. Many studies have been, and are, carried out on phosphorus recovery from wastewater and its sludge, due to their high phosphorus content. Chemical precipitation is the main process for achieving a phosphorus-containing mineral suitable for reuse as a fertilizer, such as struvite. This paper reviews the current status and future trends of phosphorus production and consumption, and summarizes current recovery technologies, discussing their possible integration into wastewater treatment processes, according to a more sustainable water-energy-nutrient nexus.

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“…87 In addition, the lack of withdrawal clauses in CIL adds consistency and stability to the applicable international obligations. 88 While CIL is a flexible branch of international law, it imposes certain fundamental customary obligations that allow no withdrawal, in contrast with certain treaties. 89 It should be noted, though, that human rights law is less clear-cut in this regard.…”

Section: Moral Legitimacy and Its Impact On Social Legitimacy In Custmentioning

confidence: 99%

The legitimacy of customary international law: Legal, moral, and social perspectives

Sergeev

2017

International Review of Law

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This article explores the legitimacy of customary international law (CIL) from legal, moral, and social perspectives. The analysis questions the legal legitimacy of CIL based on the prisms of consent and sovereignty found in international law. The analysis confirms the moral legitimacy of CIL, however, based on the rapid development of international law. Lastly, the analysis also confirms the social legitimacy of CIL based on its overall acceptance as a source of law.

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Untitled

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

Sediments in Agricultural Reservoirs Act as Sinks and Sources for Nutrients over Various Timescales

Sediments in Agricultural Reservoirs Act as Sinks and Sources for Nutrients over Various Timescales

The Potential Phosphorus Crisis: Resource Conservation and Possible Escape Technologies: A Review

The legitimacy of customary international law: Legal, moral, and social perspectives

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