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Zeng, Rensen; Mallik, Azim U.; Setliff, E. C.

doi:10.1023/a:1024257218558

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…There is evidence that the volatile nature of some isothiocyanates (71) allows them to cover great distances; this property could have important implications in the rhizosphere. It has been reported that glucosinolates are found in roots during flowering (72)(73)(74), and our results suggest that it is possible that these compounds could be released into the rhizosphere. However, whether a myrosinase is able to cleave glucosinolates to produce isothiocyanates outside of the plant remains undetermined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Root Secretion of Defense-related Proteins Is Development-dependent and Correlated with Flowering Time

De‐la‐Peña

Badri

Lei

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

107

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Proteins found in the root exudates are thought to play a role in the interactions between plants and soil organisms. To gain a better understanding of protein secretion by roots, we conducted a systematic proteomic analysis of the root exudates of Arabidopsis thaliana at different plant developmental stages. In total, we identified 111 proteins secreted by roots, the majority of which were exuded constitutively during all stages of development. However, defense-related proteins such as chitinases, glucanases, myrosinases, and others showed enhanced secretion during flowering. Defense-impaired mutants npr1-1 and NahG showed lower levels of secretion of defense proteins at flowering compared with the wild type. The flowering-defective mutants fca-1, stm-4, and co-1 showed almost undetectable levels of defense proteins in their root exudates at similar time points. In contrast, root secretions of defense-enhanced cpr5-2 mutants showed higher levels of defense proteins. The proteomics data were positively correlated with enzymatic activity assays for defense proteins and with in silico gene expression analysis of genes specifically expressed in roots of Arabidopsis. In conclusion, our results show a clear correlation between defense-related proteins secreted by roots and flowering time.The plant root system serves many roles, including anchorage and uptake of nutrients and water. The ability of roots to communicate with roots of neighboring plants and other organisms in the rhizosphere has been the focus of increasing attention (1, 2). Root secretions of secondary metabolites and volatile organic compounds have been shown to play offensive, defensive, and symbiotic roles (3-7). Likewise, the symbioses between Rhizobium species and various members of the legume family have been extensively studied and involve the initial secretion of specific flavonoids by plant roots (8 -10). Similarly, a multitrophic interaction has been uncovered, in which volatile organic compounds released by Medicago truncatula were shown to attract soil nematodes that could in turn bring Rhizobia, used as food by the nematodes, to the roots and thus facilitate the symbiotic process (11). All these interactions involve carbon-containing compounds secreted in the root exudates.Although numerous reports show changes in the protein profile of leaves and root tissues in response to wounding (12, 13), insect attack (14), fungal or oomycete infection (15-20), or the defense-related hormone jasmonic acid (21, 22), fewer reports have discussed the biological roles of proteins secreted by the roots (23-25). One recent study has shown that the composition of proteins secreted in the root exudates changes with the presence of a given microbial neighbor and that the exudation of proteins by a given bacterium is altered by the presence of a specific plant neighbor (26). These studies examined root secretion of proteins under inducible conditions, but there is no information available about the protein profiles in the root exudates under normal, nonstressed...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Root Secretion of Defense-related Proteins Is Development-dependent and Correlated with Flowering Time

De‐la‐Peña

Badri

Lei

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

107

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“…The soil in the present study was taken from a field surrounded by forests on two sides, and it is likely to have contained ectomycorrhizal spores. It is possible that the activity of ectomycorrhizal fungal spores adhering to B. napus roots in our study could have been stimulated by plant-derived carbon, as shown for Paxillus involutus (60), explaining the 13 C incorporation at an early stage in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Identifying the Active Microbiome Associated with Roots and Rhizosphere Soil of Oilseed Rape

Gkarmiri

Mahmood

Ekblad

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

123

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RNA stable isotope probing and high-throughput sequencing were used to characterize the active microbiomes of bacteria and fungi colonizing the roots and rhizosphere soil of oilseed rape to identify taxa assimilating plant-derived carbon following CO labeling. Root- and rhizosphere soil-associated communities of both bacteria and fungi differed from each other, and there were highly significant differences between their DNA- and RNA-based community profiles. ,, ,, ,, and were the most active bacterial phyla in the rhizosphere soil. were more active in roots. The most abundant bacterial genera were well represented in both the C- andC-RNA fractions, while the fungal taxa were more differentiated. ,, and were dominant in roots, whereas and () were dominant in rhizosphere soil. " Nitrososphaera" was enriched in C in rhizosphere soil. and were abundant in theC-RNA fraction of roots; was abundant in both roots and rhizosphere soil and heavilyC enriched. was dominant in rhizosphere soil and less abundant, but wasC enriched in roots. The patterns of colonization and C acquisition revealed in this study assist in identifying microbial taxa that may be superior competitors for plant-derived carbon in the rhizosphere of This microbiome study characterizes the active bacteria and fungi colonizing the roots and rhizosphere soil of using high-throughput sequencing and RNA-stable isotope probing. It identifies taxa assimilating plant-derived carbon following CO labeling and compares these with other less active groups not incorporating a plant assimilate. is an economically and globally important oilseed crop, cultivated for edible oil, biofuel production, and phytoextraction of heavy metals; however, it is susceptible to several diseases. The identification of the fungal and bacterial species successfully competing for plant-derived carbon, enabling them to colonize the roots and rhizosphere soil of this plant, should enable the identification of microorganisms that can be evaluated in more detailed functional studies and ultimately be used to improve plant health and productivity in sustainable agriculture.

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“…The sulfur-containing and other VOCs produced by these fungi are likely to contribute to their competitiveness during conditions when the plant host material is available as a nutrient. These situations include feeding on exudates of the plant [44]-which is described to contain glucosinolates in Brassica rapa ssp. Rapa [45].…”

Section: Performance Of Proposed Cultivation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of Endophytic Fungi Growing on Extracts of the Host, Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)

et al. 2020

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The interaction between plant defensive metabolites and different plant-associated fungal species is of high interest to many disciplines. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are natural products that are easily evaporated under ambient conditions. They play a very important role in inter-species communication of microbes and their hosts. In this study, the VOCs produced by 43 different fungal isolates of endophytic and soil fungi during growth on horseradish root (Armoracia rusticana) extract or malt extract agar were examined, by using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (headspace-GC-MS) and a high relative surface agar film as a medium. The proposed technique enabled sensitive detection of several typical VOCs (acetone, methyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl acetate, methyl butanol isomers, styrene, beta-phellandrene), along with glucosinolate decomposition products, including allyl cyanide and allyl isothiocyanate and other sulfur-containing compounds—carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide. The VOC patterns of fungi belonging to Setophoma, Paraphoma, Plectosphaerella, Pyrenochaeta, Volutella, Cadophora, Notophoma, and Curvularia genera were described for the first time. The VOC pattern was significantly different among the isolates. The pattern was indicative of putative myrosinase activity for many tested isolates. On the other hand, endophytes and soil fungi as groups could not be separated by VOC pattern or intensity.

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Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Root Secretion of Defense-related Proteins Is Development-dependent and Correlated with Flowering Time

Root Secretion of Defense-related Proteins Is Development-dependent and Correlated with Flowering Time

Identifying the Active Microbiome Associated with Roots and Rhizosphere Soil of Oilseed Rape

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of Endophytic Fungi Growing on Extracts of the Host, Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)

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