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Edwards, Susan L.; Rapee, Ronald M.; Franklin, John

doi:10.1023/a:1026395526858

Cited by 189 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The LSAS has a high internal consistency ( α > .90; Liebowitz, 1987). In addition, to validate the HSA and LSA groups on the basis of social-anxiety-related constructs, we furthermore administered questionnaires that indexed fear of negative evaluation (Bögels & Reith, 1999), fear of positive evaluation (Weeks, Heimberg, & Rodebaugh, 2008), posttask rumination (Edwards, Rapee, & Franklin, 2003; Miers, Blote, Heyne, & Westenberg, 2014), and depression (Beck, Steer, Ball, & Ranieri, 1996). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative EEG measures of social anxiety: Comparing frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta cross-frequency correlation

Harrewijn

Molen

Westenberg

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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The goal of the present study was to examine whether frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta cross-frequency correlation during resting state, anticipation, and recovery are electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of social anxiety. For the first time, we jointly examined frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta correlation during resting state and during a social performance task in high (HSA) versus low (LSA) socially anxious females. Participants performed a social performance task in which they first watched and evaluated a video of a peer, and then prepared their own speech. They believed that their speech would be videotaped and evaluated by a peer. We found that HSA participants showed significant negative delta–beta correlation as compared to LSA participants during both anticipation of and recovery from the stressful social situation. This negative delta–beta correlation might reflect increased activity in subcortical brain regions and decreased activity in cortical brain regions. As we hypothesized, no group differences in delta–beta correlation were found during the resting state. This could indicate that a certain level of stress is needed to find EEG measures of social anxiety. As for frontal alpha asymmetry, we did not find any group differences. The present frontal alpha asymmetry results are discussed in relation to the evident inconsistencies in the frontal alpha asymmetry literature. Together, our results suggest that delta–beta correlation is a putative EEG measure of social anxiety.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.3758/s13415-016-0455-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative EEG measures of social anxiety: Comparing frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta cross-frequency correlation

Harrewijn

Molen

Westenberg

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Furthermore, anxious individuals tend to remember more negative events than positive events (Edwards et al, 2003), which have found to be more coherently narrated upon, as they ask for more meaning-making effort and resolution formation (Fivush et al, 2008;Sales et al, 2013;Vanderveren et al, 2019). Socially anxious participants might have included more negative events in their narratives, which could have concealed a possible effect of social anxiety on coherence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main attentional biases that have been found to be characteristic of social anxiety are the dual combination of an excessive external focus on possible negative social evaluation or threat (e.g., negative facial expressions), as well as an enlarged internal focus on cues, sensations, or thoughts related to anxiety (e.g., heightened heart rate, imagining saying something wrong) (Clark & Wells, 1995;Rapee & Heimberg, 1997). In addition, the attentional biases can set into motion memory recall biases, enabling retrieval of past negative social experiences (e.g., being laughed at as a kid for giving a "bad" presentation in class), and trigger ruminative processes (e.g., "I am a social failure", "People think I am stupid") (Clark & Wells, 1995;Edwards et al, 2003;Field & Morgan, 2004). Especially in social situations, socially anxious individuals are found to excessively process social information both before (e.g., everyone is going to look at me at the party) and after the social event (e.g., everyone was looking at me and judging me when I accidentally dropped my fork) (Abbott & Rapee, 2004;Field & Morgan, 2004;Mellings & Alden, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

How am I going to tell you this? The relations between social anxiety and narrative coherence

Vanaken

Hermans

2020

Memory

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Recently, evidence has been increasing that individuals who are able to narrate coherently about their autobiographical memories, receive more positive social feedback, have higherquality social relationships and are overall less likely to suffer from internalising psychopathology, like depression and anxiety. However, the relation between narrative coherence and social anxiety, in particular, has not been topic of research until now. This is remarkable, since the concern about negative evaluations by others in social situations is at the core of social anxiety. In the present experimental study (N = 68), we investigated in a two-by-two design how trait and state social anxiety are related to narrative coherence, as well as possible underlying mechanisms. In our study, neither trait nor state social anxiety, nor their interaction had the expected detrimental effect on narrative coherence. However, trait differences in the proposed mechanisms of social anxiety were in line with the literature. Results showed that trait social anxiety and thematic narrative coherence were indirectly negatively related, via the intervening effects of an increased internal focus on anxiety cues, an excessive external focus on negative social evaluation, larger working memory load, more rumination and more depressive symptoms. Limitations and recommendations for future research are addressed.

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“…Post stress rumination was assessed 10 minutes after stress on both study days using an adapted post-event rumination scale (Abbott & Rapee, 2004; Edwards, Rapee, & Franklin, 2003). In this questionnaire participants rated how often since their speech they had experienced eighteen different negative thoughts such as “I made a fool of myself” or “I should have chosen a different topic” on a 5-point Likert scale (from “never” to “very often”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-stress rumination predicts HPA axis responses to repeated acute stress

Gianferante

Thoma

Hanlin

et al. 2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Failure of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to habituate to repeated stress exposure is related with adverse health outcomes, but our knowledge of predictors of non-habituation is limited. Rumination, defined as repetitive and unwanted past-centered negative thinking, is related with exaggerated HPA axis stress responses and poor health outcomes. The aim of this study was to test whether post-stress rumination was related with non-habituation of cortisol to repeated stress exposure. Twenty-seven participants (n=13 females) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) twice on consecutive afternoons. Post-stress rumination was measured after the first TSST, and HPA axis responses were assessed by measuring salivary cortisol 1 minute before, and 1, 10, 20, 60, and 120 minutes after both TSSTs. Stress exposure induced HPA axis activation on both days, and this activation showed habituation indicated by lower responses to the second TSST (F= 3.7, p=.015). Post-stress rumination after the first TSST was associated with greater cortisol reactivity after the initial stress test (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) and with increased cortisol responses to the second TSST (r = 0.51, p < 0.01), indicating non-habituation, independently of age, sex, depressive symptoms, perceived life stress, and trait rumination. In summary, results showed that rumination after stress predicted non-habituation of HPA axis responses. This finding implicates rumination as one possible mechanism mediating maladaptive stress response patterns, and it might also offer a pathway through which rumination might lead to negative health outcomes.

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Cited by 189 publications

References 25 publications

Putative EEG measures of social anxiety: Comparing frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta cross-frequency correlation

Putative EEG measures of social anxiety: Comparing frontal alpha asymmetry and delta–beta cross-frequency correlation

How am I going to tell you this? The relations between social anxiety and narrative coherence

Post-stress rumination predicts HPA axis responses to repeated acute stress

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