PP1β9C interacts with trithorax in <i>Drosophila</i> wing development

Rudenko, Andrii; Bennett, Daimark; Alphey, Luke

doi:10.1002/dvdy.20146

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We previously reported that ectopic HA-tagged PP187B, the major PP1 isoform in Drosophila [43], localised to many discrete chromosomal loci [17], [18]. Like the ectopic protein, we found a large number of discrete sites widely dispersed along the chromosomes that were stained with an anti-peptide antibody to Drosophila PP1 (Figure 5D).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

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PNUTS/PP1 Regulates RNAPII-Mediated Gene Expression and Is Necessary for Developmental Growth

et al. 2013

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In multicellular organisms, tight regulation of gene expression ensures appropriate tissue and organismal growth throughout development. Reversible phosphorylation of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD) is critical for the regulation of gene expression states, but how phosphorylation is actively modified in a developmental context remains poorly understood. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is one of several enzymes that has been reported to dephosphorylate the RNAPII CTD. However, PP1's contribution to transcriptional regulation during animal development and the mechanisms by which its activity is targeted to RNAPII have not been fully elucidated. Here we show that the Drosophila orthologue of the PP1 Nuclear Targeting Subunit (dPNUTS) is essential for organismal development and is cell autonomously required for growth of developing tissues. The function of dPNUTS in tissue development depends on its binding to PP1, which we show is targeted by dPNUTS to RNAPII at many active sites of transcription on chromosomes. Loss of dPNUTS function or specific disruption of its ability to bind PP1 results in hyperphosphorylation of the RNAPII CTD in whole animal extracts and on chromosomes. Consistent with dPNUTS being a global transcriptional regulator, we find that loss of dPNUTS function affects the expression of the majority of genes in developing 1st instar larvae, including those that promote proliferative growth. Together, these findings shed light on the in vivo role of the PNUTS-PP1 holoenzyme and its contribution to the control of gene expression during early Drosophila development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…In Drosophila , PP1 is found at multiple sites on chromosomes where it has been postulated to play important roles in regulating developmentally controlled gene expression [17], [18]. However, analysing the role of PP1 in transcriptional regulation has been complicated by its pleiotropic roles [19] and broad in vitro substrate specificity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PNUTS/PP1 Regulates RNAPII-Mediated Gene Expression and Is Necessary for Developmental Growth

et al. 2013

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“…PP1c binds directly to Trx protein, co-localizes with Trx on polytene chromosomes ( Figure 1) and antagonizes trx function in vivo [5]. Genetic analysis with different isoforms of PP1c indicates that there may be specific roles for different PP1c-Trx complexes [7]. In mammals, PP1c is also a member of a trimeric complex containing PP1c, Gadd34 and SNF5, a component of the SWI/ SNF chromatin-remodelling complex that repositions nucleosomes [8,9].…”

Section: Chromosome-associated Pp1 Complexesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transcriptional control by chromosome-associated protein phosphatase-1

Bennett

2005

Biochemical Society Transactions

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Tight regulation of gene expression is critical for cells to respond normally to physiological and environmental cues and to allow cell specialization. Reversible phosphorylation of key structural and regulatory proteins, from histones to the transcriptional machinery, is acknowledged to be an important mechanism of regulating spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression. PP1 (protein phosphatase-1), a major class of serine/ threonine protein phosphatase, is found at many sites on Drosophila polytene chromosomes where it is involved in controlling gene expression and chromatin structure. PP1 is targeted to different chromosomal loci through interaction with a variety of different regulatory subunits, which modify PP1's activity towards specific substrates. This mini-review gives an overview of known chromosome-associated PP1 complexes, their role in transcriptional control and the prospects for future analysis.

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“…An intriguing possibility is that holoenzymes containing the same binding subunit but different PP1c isoforms may have different functions. 24 Ultimately, it will be necessary to verify not only in vivo binding but also to examine functional interactions with different PP1c isoforms in flies. Quantitative assays, such as surface plasmon resonance studies, may also help to resolve whether there are subtle differences in binding affinity that cannot be detected in either the two-hybrid system or by co-immunoprecipitation from fly extracts.…”

Section: Towards a Comprehensive Description Of The Pp1c-interactome mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the proteins that have been identified are homologues of known PP1 regulatory proteins Inhibitor-t, Inhibitor-2 and NIPP1, which have been shown to inhibit PP1c in vitro and/or in vivo [15][16][17][18][19] and the non-muscle myosin targeting subunits MBS and MYPT-75D. 11,20,21 A number of other putative regulatory subunits, have also been identified, including Nebbish/KLP38B, 22 Trithorax, 23,24 Bifocal 25,26 and Sara. 27 Studies on these proteins have implicated PP1 in cellular and developmental processes including: cell division, epigenetic programming, cytoskeleton dynamics, and intracellular signalling pathways involved in pattern formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%