Poxvirus-Based Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Candidates Induce JE Virus-Specific CD8+Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Mice

Konishi, Eiji; Kurane, Ichiro; Mason, Peter W.; Shope, Robert E.; Ennis, Francis A.

doi:10.1006/viro.1996.8331

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…These concerns have encouraged the use of avian poxvirus vectors as alternative delivery systems. However, although these vectors are considered safer because they do not replicate in mammalian cells, and are not affected by previous vaccinia immunity (2), they appear to be less potent than vaccinia vectors (14)(15)(16). The problem of safety has been overcome with the introduction of highly attenuated vaccinia virus strains, such as NYVAC (17) and MVA (18)(19)(20)(21), as vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal vaccination overcomes the barrier to recombinant vaccinia immunization caused by preexisting poxvirus immunity

Belyakov

Moss²,

Strober³

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

157

106

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Overcoming preexisting immunity to vaccinia virus in the adult population is a key requirement for development of otherwise potent recombinant vaccinia vaccines. Based on our observation that s.c. immunization with vaccinia induces cellular and antibody immunity to vaccinia only in systemic lymphoid tissue and not in mucosal sites, we hypothesized that the mucosal immune system remains naive to vaccinia and therefore amenable to immunization with recombinant vaccinia vectors despite earlier vaccinia exposure. We show that mucosal immunization of vacciniaimmune BALB͞c mice with recombinant vaccinia expressing HIV gp160 induced specific serum antibody and strong HIVspecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. These responses occurred not only in mucosal but also in systemic lymphoid tissue, whereas systemic immunization was ineffective under these circumstances. In this context, intrarectal immunization was more effective than intranasal immunization. Boosting with a second dose of recombinant vaccinia was also more effective via the mucosal route. The systemic HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte response was enhanced by coadministration of IL-12 at the mucosal site. These results also demonstrate the independent compartmentalization of the mucosal versus systemic immune systems and the asymmetric trafficking of lymphocytes between them. This approach to circumvent previous vaccinia immunity may be useful for induction of protective immunity against infectious diseases and cancer in the sizable populations with preexisting immunity to vaccinia from smallpox vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal vaccination overcomes the barrier to recombinant vaccinia immunization caused by preexisting poxvirus immunity

Belyakov

Moss²,

Strober³

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

157

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A single dose of vaccine induced plaque reduction neutralisation antibody titres and protected all of the horses against WNV viraemia. The use of recombinant poxviruses is another potentially effective means of generating protective immunity against flavivirus infection [45,49,50]. We have developed a canarypox virus vector (vCP2017) expressing the prM/E genes of a NY99 isolate of WNV [62].…”

Section: Novel Vaccination Strategies For Wnvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine viral vaccines: the past, present and future

2004

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-The increasing international movement of horses combined with the relaxation of veterinary regulations has resulted in an increased incidence of equine infectious diseases. Vaccination, along with management measures, has become the primary method for the effective control of these diseases. Traditionally modified live and inactivated vaccines have been used and these vaccines have proven to be very successful in preventing disease. However, there are a number of equine infectious diseases for which conventional technology has shown its limitations. The advent of recombinant technology has stimulated the development of second generation vaccines, including gene deleted mutants, live vectored vaccines and DNA vaccines. These vaccines have in common that protective antigens are endogenously processed and presented along the molecules of the MHC I and MHC II complex, resulting in the stimulation of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses similar to natural infection. The present paper provides a review of the vaccines being employed today against the most important equine viral diseases followed by a summary of new developments that are expected to bring improved vaccines to the market in the foreseeable future.

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“…The prM/E-expressing cassettes can be designed on the basis of viral and nonviral vectors (1,6,7,14,15,21,22,29,33,36,39). In the case of viral vectors (19,36), there is always a concern of either the development or preexistence of an immune response to the viral vector used. The DNA-based cassettes encoding these genes under control of efficient RNA polymerase II-based promoters appear to be preferred.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Pseudoinfectious Yellow Fever Virus with a Two-Component Genome

Shustov¹,

Mason

Frolov³

2007

J Virol

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Application of genetically modified, deficient-in-replication flaviviruses that are incapable of developing productive, spreading infection is a promising means of designing safe and effective vaccines. Here we describe a two-component genome yellow fever virus (YFV) replication system in which each of the genomes encodes complete sets of nonstructural proteins that form the replication complex but expresses either only capsid or prM/E instead of the entire structural polyprotein. Upon delivery to the same cell, these genomes produce together all of the viral structural proteins, and cells release a combination of virions with both types of genomes packaged into separate particles. In tissue culture, this modified YFV can be further passaged at an escalating scale by using a high multiplicity of infection (MOI). However, at a low MOI, only one of the genomes is delivered into the cells, and infection cannot spread. The replicating prM/E-encoding genome produces extracellular E protein in the form of secreted subviral particles that are known to be an effective immunogen. The presented strategy of developing viruses defective in replication might be applied to other flaviviruses, and these two-component genome viruses can be useful for diagnostic or vaccine applications, including the delivery and expression of heterologous genes. In addition, the achieved separation of the capsid-coding sequence and the cyclization signal in the YFV genome provides a new means for studying the mechanism of the flavivirus packaging process.The Flavivirus genus of the family Flaviviridae contains a variety of important human and animal pathogens. In nature, flaviviruses circulate between vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors mainly represented by a large number of mosquito and tick species. Almost 40 members of this genus, classified into four distinct antigenic complexes, are capable of causing human disease.The flavivirus genome is a single-stranded RNA of positive polarity of almost 12 kb. It encodes a single polypeptide that is co-and posttranslationally processed by cellular and viral proteases into the viral structural proteins C, prM/M, and E that form infectious viral particles and the nonstructural proteins NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 that form the enzyme complex required for replication of the viral genome (27). The flavivirus genome mimics the structure of cellular messenger RNAs by having a 5Ј methylguanylate cap but differs from the cellular RNA templates due to the absence of a 3Ј-terminal poly(A) sequence.In flavivirus virions, a single copy of viral genomic RNA is packaged by the C (capsid) protein into a nucleocapsid surrounded by a lipid envelope with embedded dimers of E and M proteins (23). The mechanism of interaction between the nucleocapsid and the envelope is not completely understood yet, but it appears to be less specific than, for instance, the alphavirus nucleocapsid-envelope interaction, and the flavivirus virions can be efficiently formed by capsid and envelope proteins derived from the...

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Poxvirus-Based Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Candidates Induce JE Virus-Specific CD8+Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Mice

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Mucosal vaccination overcomes the barrier to recombinant vaccinia immunization caused by preexisting poxvirus immunity

Mucosal vaccination overcomes the barrier to recombinant vaccinia immunization caused by preexisting poxvirus immunity

Equine viral vaccines: the past, present and future

Production of Pseudoinfectious Yellow Fever Virus with a Two-Component Genome

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