Powering pacemakers from heartbeat vibrations using linear and nonlinear energy harvesters

Karami, M. Amin; Inman, Daniel J.

doi:10.1063/1.3679102

Cited by 322 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Mechanicalto-electrical transduction mechanisms in piezoelectric materials offer viable routes to energy harvesting in such cases, as demonstrated and analyzed by several groups recently (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). For example, proposals exist for devices that convert heartbeat vibrations into electrical energy using resonantly coupled motions of thick (1-2 mm) piezoelectric ceramic beams on brass substrates (1). Although such models highlight the potential for self-powering devices, there are important practical challenges in the coupling of rigid mechanical systems with the soft, dynamic surfaces of the body in a manner that does not induce adverse side effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Investigations into energy-harvesting strategies to replace batteries demonstrate several unusual ways to extract power from chemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal processes in the human body (1,2). Examples include use of glucose oxidation (3), electric potentials of the inner ear (4), mechanical movements of limbs, and natural vibrations of internal organs (5)(6)(7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

768

615

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Here, we report advanced materials and devices that enable highefficiency mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion from the natural contractile and relaxation motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm, demonstrated in several different animal models, each of which has organs with sizes that approach human scales. A cointegrated collection of such energy-harvesting elements with rectifiers and microbatteries provides an entire flexible system, capable of viable integration with the beating heart via medical sutures and operation with efficiencies of ∼2%. Additional experiments, computational models, and results in multilayer configurations capture the key behaviors, illuminate essential design aspects, and offer sufficient power outputs for operation of pacemakers, with or without battery assist.biomedical implants | flexible electronics | transfer printing | wearable electronics | heterogeneous integration N early all classes of active wearable and implantable biomedical devices rely on some form of battery power for operation. Heart rate monitors, pacemakers, implantable cardioverterdefibrillators, and neural stimulators together represent a broad subset of bioelectronic devices that provide continuous diagnostics and therapy in this mode. Although advances in battery technology have led to substantial reductions in overall sizes and increases in storage capacities, operational lifetimes remain limited, rarely exceeding a few days for wearable devices and a few years for implants. Surgical procedures to replace the depleted batteries of implantable devices are thus essential, exposing patients to health risks, heightened morbidity, and even potential mortality. The health burden and costs are substantial, and thus motivate efforts to eliminate batteries altogether, or to extend their lifetimes in a significant way.Investigations into energy-harvesting strategies to replace batteries demonstrate several unusual ways to extract power from chemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal processes in the human body (1, 2). Examples include use of glucose oxidation (3), electric potentials of the inner ear (4), mechanical movements of limbs, and natural vibrations of internal organs (5-7). Such phenomena provide promising opportunities for power supply to wearable and implantable devices (6-8). A recent example involves a hybrid kinetic device integrated with the heart for applications with pacemakers (7). More speculative approaches, based on analytical models of harvesting from pressure-driven deformations of an artery by magneto-hydrodynamics, also exist (9).Cardiac and lung motions, in particular, serve as inexhaustible sources of energy during the lifespan of a patient. Mechanicalto-electrical transduction mechanisms in piezoelectric materials offer viable routes to energy harvesting in such cases, as demonstrated and analyzed by several groups recently (10-17). For example, proposals exist for devices that convert heartbeat vibrations into electrical energy using resonantly coupled motions of thick (1-2 mm) pi...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

768

615

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“…Many investigations have focused on ambient vibration-based energy harvesting. [1][2][3][4][5][6] On the other hand, harvesting energy from fluid flows at low speed is desirable in many applications including the deployment of self-powered sensors or batteries in buildings, rivers, and airstreams. Several recent studies [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] have focused on the conversion of aeroelastic vibrations in airfoil sections to electrical power.…”

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confidence: 99%

Performance enhancement of piezoelectric energy harvesters from wake galloping

Abdelkefi

Scanlon

McDowell

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

134

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“…Researchers have been exploring ways to take advantage of this energy source, for instance, by harvesting energy from blood pressure differences using a micro barrel 17 or a dual-chamber system. 18 Furthermore, piezoelectric materials [19][20][21][22] as well as electromagnetic systems 23,24 have been used to harvest energy from the ventricular wall motion.…”

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confidence: 99%