Power-to-Steel: Reducing CO2 through the Integration of Renewable Energy and Hydrogen into the German Steel Industry

Otto, Alexander; Robinius, Martin; Grube, Thomas; Schiebahn, Sebastian; Praktiknjo, Aaron; Stolten, Detlef

doi:10.3390/en10040451

Cited by 190 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…This scenario analyses the potential for linking the power and transport sectors via fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and a dedicated hydrogen pipeline grid. Different uses of hydrogen, for example in the transport sector via power-to-fuel [8,9], steel production [10] or the linking of the heat and electricity sectors [11], the potential for reducing wind farm forecast errors [12], the use of hydrogen for methanation purposes [13,14] or as a feed-in to a natural gas grid [15], are not discussed in this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Power and Transport Sectors—Part 2: Modelling a Sector Coupling Scenario for Germany

et al. 2017

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"Linking the power and transport sectors-Part 1" describes the general principle of "sector coupling" (SC), develops a working definition intended of the concept to be of utility to the international scientific community, contains a literature review that provides an overview of relevant scientific papers on this topic and conducts a rudimentary analysis of the linking of the power and transport sectors on a worldwide, EU and German level. The aim of this follow-on paper is to outline an approach to the modelling of SC. Therefore, a study of Germany as a case study was conducted. This study assumes a high share of renewable energy sources (RES) contributing to the grid and significant proportion of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) in the year 2050, along with a dedicated hydrogen pipeline grid to meet hydrogen demand. To construct a model of this nature, the model environment "METIS" (models for energy transformation and integration systems) we developed will be described in more detail in this paper. Within this framework, a detailed model of the power and transport sector in Germany will be presented in this paper and the rationale behind its assumptions described. Furthermore, an intensive result analysis for the power surplus, utilization of electrolysis, hydrogen pipeline and economic considerations has been conducted to show the potential outcomes of modelling SC. It is hoped that this will serve as a basis for researchers to apply this framework in future to models and analysis with an international focus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Power and Transport Sectors—Part 2: Modelling a Sector Coupling Scenario for Germany

et al. 2017

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“…One expert explained: “Especially the chemical processes could be hybridized by using either electricity or a conventional energy source for the heat supply.” Many process steps of the energy intensive industry have these characteristics, as their manufacturing steps often require a transformation from one form of energy to another. For instance, Otto et al show that energy intensive steel processes could be hybridized by using either electricity or natural gas to generate heat …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Otto et al show that energy intensive steel processes could be hybridized by using either electricity or natural gas to generate heat. 60 Therefore, a digitized industry is particularly well suited to implement energy sector coupling measures such as Power-to-X (PtX). For the academic experts such flexibility increasing abilities that stem from modularization are also useful for realizing potentials of DSM.…”

Section: Capabilities Of Industry 40 To Contribute To Renewable Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of a Digital Industry 4.0 in a Renewable Energy System

Scharl

Praktiknjo

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The transition to an intermittent energy production from renewable energy sources (RES) increases the complexity of providing reliable energy supply in Germany. Yet the growing number of RES impede the necessary effort to control the system. The introduction of digital or smart energy systems is often proclaimed as a logical next step towards coping with this rising complexity. It seems convenient that the manufacturing industry, as one of the major energy consumers, is currently also in a process of a digital transition, the fourth industrial revolution. This paper explores the current state of expert discourse on the role of a digitized industry as a potential enabler for the energy transition using Germany as a case study. For this purpose, we gathered qualitative data through semistructured interviews among industry managers and energy researchers. We identified the three major areas in the expert discourse of industry's future potentials: (1) increasing transparency in the energy system, (2) providing demand flexibility, and (3) increasing energy efficiency. In this paper, we address the internal barriers and explore industry's reluctance to interact with the energy system in order to initiate a transition.

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“…Götz et al and Rönsch et al [4,6] show the potential of combining the hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce renewable natural gas. Otto et al's [7] work also focusses on utilizing the energy recovery pathways that produce hydrogen and methane and put them to use in the steel industry. The case study is based on the German steel industry and highlights the versatility and CO2 emission reduction potential of using the power to gas concept to couple the industry with renewable energy generators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stochastic Programming Approach for the Planning and Operation of a Power to Gas Energy Hub with Multiple Energy Recovery Pathways

et al. 2017

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There is a need for energy storage to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of energy distribution with the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources. Among the various energy storage technologies being developed, 'power-to-gas' is one such concept which has gained interest due to its ability to provide long term energy storage and recover the energy stored through different energy recovery pathways. Incorporation of such systems within the energy infrastructure requires analysis of the key factors influencing the operation of electrolyzers and hydrogen storage. This study focusses on assessing the benefits power-to-gas energy storage while accounting for uncertainty in the following three key parameters that could influence the operation of the energy system: (1) hourly electricity price; (2) the number of fuel cell vehicles serviced; and (3) the amount of hydrogen refueled. An hourly time index is adopted to analyze how the energy hub should operate under uncertainty. The results show that there is a potential economic benefit for the powerto-gas system if it is modeled using the two-stage stochastic programming approach in comparison to a deterministic optimization study. The power-to-gas system also offers environmental benefits both from the perspective of the producer and end user of hydrogen.

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Power-to-Steel: Reducing CO2 through the Integration of Renewable Energy and Hydrogen into the German Steel Industry

Cited by 190 publications

References 16 publications

Linking the Power and Transport Sectors—Part 2: Modelling a Sector Coupling Scenario for Germany

Linking the Power and Transport Sectors—Part 2: Modelling a Sector Coupling Scenario for Germany

The Role of a Digital Industry 4.0 in a Renewable Energy System

A Stochastic Programming Approach for the Planning and Operation of a Power to Gas Energy Hub with Multiple Energy Recovery Pathways

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