Power solutions for autonomous mobile robots: A survey

Farooq, Muhammad Umar; Eizad, Amre; Bae, Hyun-Ki

doi:10.1016/j.robot.2022.104285

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Mobile robots can perform specific tasks on the move, including exploring terrain and its features, or moving a load from one place to another [1]. This group of robots is characterized by a certain level of intelligence to make decisions, including responding to stimuli received from the environment [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Sources of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

et al. 2023

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Mobile robots can perform tasks on the move, including exploring terrain, discovering landmark features, or moving a load from one place to another. This group of robots is characterized by a certain level of intelligence, allowing the making of decisions and responding to stimuli received from the environment. As part of Industry 5.0, such mobile robots and humans are expected to co-exist and work together in a shared environment to make human work less tiring, quicker, and safer. This can only be realized when clean, dense, and economical energy sources are available. The aim of the study is to analyze the state of the art and to identify the most important directions for future developments in energy sources of robotic power systems based mainly on batteries. The efficiency and performance of the battery depends on the design using different materials. Work environments and performance requirements are considered in this systematic review to classify solutions that help developers choose the best-suited power system for specific application. Indirectly, the aim of the work is to generate discussion within the scientific and engineering community. A narrative review of publications from six major bibliographic databases according to preset inclusion criteria is combined with a critical analysis of current and future technologies. The main findings of the review allow answering the question of what is the role of modern power source technologies, artificial intelligence, and ground-breaking research work in global policies related to energy saving, green policies, and sustainable development. The main opportunities and threats are discussed, and a brief feasibility analysis is carried out. The novelty of the article relates not only to the analysis of technologies, but also to approaches and their use under conditions of limited resource availability, when resource usage must be minimized. The article provides an overview of batteries, their specifications, classifications, and their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we propose (1) an algorithm for selecting the main energy source for robot application, and (2) an algorithm for selecting an electrical system power supply. Current mobile robot batteries are, in most cases, the robot’s biggest limitation. Progress in battery development is currently too slow to catch up with the demand for robot autonomy and range requirements, limiting the development of mobile robots. Further intensive research and implementation work is needed to avoid years of delay in this area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Sources of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

et al. 2023

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“…12 Currently, the most commonly used power source in robot devices is lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). 14 However, LIBs with an energy density in the range of 150-300 Wh kg −1 cannot satisfy the demands of long-duration and high-power robot operations. Additionally, factors such as poor safety and environmental adaptability of LIBs limit their widespread application in robotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–air batteries for powering robots

Zhong,

Wang,

Zuo

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…As part of Industry 5.0, such mobile robots and humans are expected to co-exist and work together in a single environment to make human work easier, faster, less tiring, and safer [3]. This can only be realized when clean and economical energy sources are provided to ensure: • long operating times, • high productivity, • extension of cognitive functions that are required to properly interpret human intent and therefore take expected actions, • autonomy in terms of long operating time without recharging, • accuracy of operation that is a result of additional sensing elements, whatever the operating conditions might be, • meeting environmental requirements to the extent that they can be used in various fields and working environments (e.g., underwater) without risk of environmental pollution [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the achievement of the required characteristics is limited by high initial costs, the requirement to recharge batteries or refill combustible fuels, which significantly reduces the costeffectiveness of their use, maintenance-free operation and shortens their useful operating time [1]. Inclusion of additional control functions leads to significant demand for computing power, and that in turn can change the balance between mechanical and control system energy consumption that must be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials for Batteries of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

Mikołajczyk¹,

Mikołajewski²,

Kłodowski³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mobile robots can perform tasks on the move, including exploring terrain, discovering landmark features or moving a load from one place to another. This group of robots is characterized by a certain level of intelligence allowing making decisions and responding to stimuli received from the environment. As part of Industry 5.0, such mobile robots and humans are expected to co-exist and work together in a shared environment to make human work less tiring, quicker, and safer. This can only be realized when clean, dense, and economical energy sources are available. The aim of the study is to analyze the state of the art and to identify the most important directions for future developments in robotic power systems based mainly on batteries. The efficiency and performance of the battery depends on the design using different materials. Work environments and performance requirements are considered in this systematic review to classify solutions that help developers choose the best suited power system for specific application. Indirectly, the aim of the work is to generate discussion within the scientific and engineering community. A narrative review of publications from six major bibliographic databases according to preset inclusion criteria was combined with a critical analysis of current and future technologies. The main findings of the review allow answering question what is the role of modern power source technologies, artificial intelligence and ground-breaking research work in global policies related to energy saving, green policies, and sustainable development. The main opportunities and threats are discussed, and a brief feasibility analysis is carried out. Novelty of the article relates not only to the analysis of technologies, but also to approaches and their use under conditions of limited resource availability, when resource usage must be minimized. The article provides an overview of batteries, their specifications, classifications, and their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we propose: (1) an algorithm for selecting main energy source for robot application, and (2) an algorithm for selecting electrical system power supply. Current mobile robot batteries are, in most cases, their biggest limitation. Progress in batteries development is too slow to catch up with the demand for robot autonomy and range requirements, limiting the development of mobile robots. Further intensive research and implementation work is needed to avoid years of delay in this area.

show abstract

Power solutions for autonomous mobile robots: A survey

Cited by 32 publications

References 62 publications

Energy Sources of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

Energy Sources of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

Metal–air batteries for powering robots

Materials for Batteries of Mobile Robot Power Systems: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Efficiency

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