“…As such, protests taking place 'outside' formal governance mechanisms and channels have been researched only marginally, although academic interest does seem to be gaining momentum (C ocola-Gant & Pardo, 2017;Milano et al, 2019;Novy & Colomb, 2017;Sequera & Nofre, 2019). Secondly, governance of tourism studies focus mainly on the national level (Conceição et al, 2019;Scott & Marzano, 2015) or on smaller settlements at the local levelincluding towns and villages (Beaumont & Dredge, 2010, Sawatsuk et al, 2018, natural and coastal areas (Presenza et al, 2013;Qian et al, 2016) and rural areas in developing countries (Adiyia et al, 2015) as tourism destinations. As such, there is a relative lack of attention for large and mature urban tourism destinationsoften with more complex institutional bodies and a wider variety of stakeholders involved in tourism governance.…”