Power Performance of Bifacial c-Si PV Modules With Different Shading Ratios

Abstract

Unlike conventional photovoltaic (PV) modules that generate power by absorbing light through the front side only, a bifacial PV module can generate power by absorbing light through the rear as well as the front, which would lead to an enhancement of power generation. Particularly, bifacial PV modules would have the advantage of lower power loss in shaded environments than monofacial PV modules, thanks to the light absorbed through the rear side. To predict the power of a bifacial PV module in a shaded environment, modeling is suggested by considering the shaded areas, the operational status of the bypass diodes, and the temperature of the bifacial PV module. To verify the power prediction of a bifacial PV module with a shaded area, modeled and measured powers are compared, showing error rates of 7.28%. From the results of the power loss experiments for bifacial and monofacial PV modules in shaded environments, it is confirmed that the bifacial PV module shows a relatively low power loss rate when compared with the monofacial PV module, with a power loss rate being 87.26% of the rate for the monofacial PV module. Index Terms-Bifacial c-Si PV module, bypass diode, shading. I. INTRODUCTION O NE of the major interests of the photovoltaic (PV) power plant operators is the reduction in the installation cost of PV power generation systems [1]. It has been reported that the price of PV modules accounted for 24% of the unit cost of commercial PV power systems in 2018 [2]. One of the possible ways for lowering the cost of installing a PV power system would be the development of a highly efficient solar cell and module that could generate higher power for a given area. A bifacial PV module is a highly efficient PV module that can absorb light not only through the front, but also through the rear. Power generated through the rear side of a bifacial PV module varies with different reflective conditions [3]. However, the standardization of the output of a bifacial c-Si PV module under standard test condition (STC) was in

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