Power Management for DC Microgrid Enabled by Solid-State Transformer

Yu, Xunwei; She, Xu; Zhou, Xin; Huang, Alex Q.

doi:10.1109/tsg.2013.2277977

Cited by 189 publications

(71 citation statements)

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Section: Microgrid Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AC microgrid is the main type of microgrid where all distributed power generation sources and loads are connected to a common AC bus through power electronic interfaces as sown in Figure 1. However, in DC microgrids a DC bus is used as a common bus especially for small-scale commercial and residential applications, due to higher eiciency and controllability as the extra power conversion stages are eliminated and synchronization and reactive power compensation are not needed in this coniguration [96][97][98][99][100][101].Integration of various distributed generators/loads and interaction among them within a smart microgrid remain in place regardless of the type of microgrid due to the complexity of power systems technologies, control and communication techniques. In the following sections, many challenges raised by smart microgrid applications such as power quality, protection, stability, reliability, and eiciency are briely discussed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Overview of Technical Challenges, Available Technologies and Ongoing Developments of AC/DC Microgrids

Sabzehgar¹

2017

Development and Integration of Microgrids

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Gradual depletion of fossil fuel resources, poor energy eiciency of conventional power plants, and environmental pollution have led to a new grid architecture known as smart microgrid. The smart microgrid concept provides a promising solution that enables high penetration of distributed generation from renewable energy sources without requiring to redesign the distribution system, which results in stable operation during faults and disturbances. However, distributed generators/loads and interaction between all nodes within a microgrid will substantially increase the complexity of the power system operation, control, and communications. Many innovative techniques and technologies have been proposed to address the complexity and challenges of microgrids including power quality, power low balancing, real-time power management, voltage and frequency control, load sharing during islanding, protection, stability, reliability, eiciency, and economical operation. All key issues of the microgrids, diferent solutions, and available methods and technologies to address such issues are reviewed in this chapter. Pros and cons of each method are discussed. Furthermore, an extensive comprehensive review for researchers and scholars working on microgrid applications is provided in this chapter to help them identify the areas that need improvements and innovative solutions for increasing the eiciency of modern power distribution grid.Keywords: AC microgrid, DC microgrid, microgrid power quality, power management, microgrid modeling, power electronics, renewable energies © 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. IntroductionThe smart microgrid concept was irst developed in Refs. [1,2]. The capability of integration of a large number of distributed power generation sources and high penetration of renewable sources such as photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and fuel cells within a smart microgrid made it very atractive. In fact, management of multiple distributed power generation sources including renewable energy sources in a smart microgrid ofers many advantages such as signiicant reduction in the need for a transmission and high voltage distribution system, satisfying the growing demand of electricity, and improving energy utilization eiciency and reliability. However, interaction between all nodes within a microgrid including both conventional and renewable energy generation sources will not only increase the complexity of the power system considerably, but it will also raise challenging issues of reliability and power quality due to intermitent nature of renewable sources. Therefore, many technical challenges must yet be overcome to ensure safe, secure, reliable, optimized, eicient, and cost efective operation of the microgrid.Academic scholars and industry experts ofe...

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Section: Microgrid Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Technical Challenges, Available Technologies and Ongoing Developments of AC/DC Microgrids

Sabzehgar¹

2017

Development and Integration of Microgrids

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“…An ST is a three-stage power electronics transformer that interfaces the voltage levels of MV and LV distribution systems [23], [24] and makes available the DC grid connection [25]. On top of adapting the voltage levels, the ST decouples the reactive power flows of the two electric networks [26], [27], therefore adding an additional degree of freedom which can be exploited in ADNs control strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Voltage Control and Dispatch of Active Distribution Networks by Means of Smart Transformer and Storage

Gao

Sossan

Christakou

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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Abstract-Dispatching active distribution networks is expected to play an important role in the smart grid technologies. Voltage control is also starting to be widely proposed to avoid voltage violations in the electrical grid. The integration of the storage in the so called smart transformer (ST), which is a solid state transformer with control and communication functionalities, can help combine both the services. The added value of such a configuration is that it allows the full decoupling of the reactive power flows between the medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks. We show the augmented flexibility of such a configuration by proposing a control strategy where, i), the storage system is used to achieve dispatched-by-design operation of the LV network active power flow, and, ii), the two ST power converters to control the voltage in both the MV and LV grid on a best effort basis. The control strategy is validated by simulations using the IEEE 34 nodes MV test feeder and the Cigre LV reference network. Moreover, control performance is benchmarked against a conventional network setup, where the BESS is connected to the LV network through a DC/AC power converter and the ST transformer is replaced by a conventional transformer.

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“…1, the SST is a bi-directional power conversion component that is used to interface a conventional AC grid with an AC/DC microgrid. Besides, the SST can be an alternative to substitute the oldfashioned line-frequency (50 Hz/60 Hz) transformer [1,[4][5]. The weight and volume of the conventional transformers are heavy and bulky.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Design of Dual Active Bridge Converter as Isolated Bi-directional Power Interface for Solid State Transformer Applications

Choi¹,

Jung²

2016

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-As a bi-directional isolated interface for solid state transformer applications, practical design considerations of a dual active bridge (DAB) converter are proposed by means of a detailed mathematical model based on the converter's steady state operations. The DAB converter is useful in isolated bi-directional power conversion applications due to high performance, high efficiency, and bidirectional control manner. However, design considerations should be taken into account to overcome the disadvantages of DAB converter, such as low efficiency caused by restricted soft switching capability at light load conditions and high circulating current at heavy load conditions. The practical design considerations of the converter's power stage will be discussed to maximize soft switching capability and to minimize the conduction losses. In addition, to reduce the current stress of the power devices during a cold start sequence, an effective soft start algorithm will be proposed. Experimental results with a 3.3 kW prototype DAB converter will be given in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed design considerations.

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Power Management for DC Microgrid Enabled by Solid-State Transformer

Cited by 189 publications

References 20 publications

Overview of Technical Challenges, Available Technologies and Ongoing Developments of AC/DC Microgrids

Overview of Technical Challenges, Available Technologies and Ongoing Developments of AC/DC Microgrids

Concurrent Voltage Control and Dispatch of Active Distribution Networks by Means of Smart Transformer and Storage

Practical Design of Dual Active Bridge Converter as Isolated Bi-directional Power Interface for Solid State Transformer Applications

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