Power-line harmonic radiation and the electron slot

Tatnall, A.R.L.; Matthews, Janice R.; Bullough, K.; Kaiser, Thomas

doi:10.1007/bf00242241

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is important to survey these waves because the world electric power consumption is constantly increasing and there are indications that PLHR influences the atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling. Nonlinear interactions between electrons and PLHR can participate in the precipitation of electrons from the slot region in the radiation belts [Bullough et al, 1976;Tatnall et al, 1983].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Parrot¹,

Manninen²,

Santolı́k³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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Very Low Frequency (VLF) spectrograms show sometimes sets of lines called MLR (Magnetospheric Line Radiation) with frequency spacing close to 50 or 60 Hz. It is very tempting to attribute these MLR to Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR). PLHR are the ELF and VLF waves radiated by electric power systems at the harmonic frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz. Here we show for the first time large scale MLR observed simultaneously on ground and on board a low altitude satellite which is flying over the same zone. This two hours event is observed over a large area in the Northern hemisphere (∼7,400,000 km2) and in the conjugate region. It is hypothesized that these MLR are due to PLHR propagating in the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. When they cross the equator, the PLHR undergo a nonlinear interaction with particles and may play a role in the dynamics of the radiation belts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Parrot¹,

Manninen²,

Santolı́k³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Theoretical works have been done to explain these effects. Nonlinear interactions between electrons and PLHR can participate in the precipitation of electrons from the slot region in the radiation belts (Bullough et al, 1976;Tatnall et al, 1983). Molchanov et al (1991) have shown that the main part of the PLHR energy dissipates in the lower ionosphere and modifies the ionospheric currents.…”

Section: Many Observations Show That the Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELF magnetospheric lines observed by DEMETER

et al. 2005

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Abstract. The influence of man-made activity on the ionosphere may be very important. The effects induced by the Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) may change the natural wave activity and/or the ionospheric plasma components. One goal of the ionospheric satellite DEMETER launched in June 2004 is to study the ionospheric perturbations which could be related to this anthropogenic activity. As the first step, the paper presents Tram Lines (TL) which have been observed on board DEMETER with frequency intervals close to 50 Hz or 16 Hz 2/3 (the current frequency of the railways). When it is observable the frequency drift of these TL is very slow. It is shown that these events occur during periods of strong or moderate magnetic activity. A wave propagation analysis indicates that the TL observed below the low cutoff frequency of the hiss which is simultaneously present are coming from a region below the satellite. The conclusion is that these TL observed by DEMETER are produced by PLHR or radiation of railways lines.

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“…Although the intensity of the PLHR events is generally rather low, they may trigger new electromagnetic emissions [ Park and Helliwell , ; Nunn et al , ; Parrot and Němec , ; Parrot et al , ] and possibly contribute to electron precipitation [ Tatnall et al , ; Bullough , ; Prakash et al , ]. Propagation of PLHR events from their source power line up to the satellite altitudes was considered by Kikuchi [], Ando et al [], Němec et al [], and Jing et al [].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power line harmonic radiation observed by the DEMETER spacecraft at 50/60 Hz and low harmonics

2015

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We present a low‐altitude satellite survey of Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR), i.e., electromagnetic waves radiated by electric power systems on the ground. We focus on frequencies corresponding to the first few harmonics of the base power system frequencies (50 Hz or 60 Hz, depending on the region). It is shown that the intensities of electromagnetic waves detected at these frequencies at an altitude of about 700 km are significantly enhanced above industrialized areas. The frequencies at which the wave intensities are increased are in excellent agreement with base power system frequencies just below the satellite location. We also investigate a possible presence of the weekend effect, i.e., if the situation is different during the weekends when the power consumption is lower than during the weekdays. Such an effect might be possibly present in the European region, but it is very weak. PLHR effects are less often detected in the summer, as the ionospheric absorption increases, and also, the radiation is obscured by lightning generated emissions. This difference is smaller in the U.S. region, in agreement with the monthly variations of the power consumption. The analysis of the measured frequency spectra reveals that although intensity increases at low odd harmonics of base power system frequencies are routinely detected, low even harmonics are generally absent. Finally, we verify the relation of PLHR intensities to the geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) proxy. It is shown that the PLHR intensity is increased at the times of higher GIC proxy values during the night.

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Power-line harmonic radiation and the electron slot

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

ELF magnetospheric lines observed by DEMETER

Power line harmonic radiation observed by the DEMETER spacecraft at 50/60 Hz and low harmonics

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