Power Grid Protection of the Muscle Mitochondrial Reticulum

Hartnell, Lisa M.; Combs, Christian A.; Femnou, Armel N.; Sun, Junqiang; Murphy, Elizabeth; Subramaniam, Sriram; Balaban, Robert S.

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.055

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Fourth, our data corroborates the view that individual mitochondria do not function in isolation from one another, but constitute a dynamic network of communicating organelles (Glancy et al, 2017) http://science.sciencemag.org/ content/361/6401/eaan5835/tab-article-info. Mitochondrial shape in ventricular myocytes was highly variable, not only between but also within individual cells (e.g., Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Mitochondrial Deformation During the Cardiac Mechanical Cycle

Rog-Zielinska

O’Toole

Hoenger

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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Cardiomyocytes both cause and experience continual cyclic deformation. The exact effects of this deformation on the properties of intracellular organelles are not well characterized, although they are likely to be relevant for cardiomyocyte responses to active and passive changes in their mechanical environment. In the present study we provide three‐dimensional ultrastructural evidence for mechanically induced mitochondrial deformation in rabbit ventricular cardiomyocytes over a range of sarcomere lengths representing myocardial tissue stretch, an unloaded “slack” state, and contracture. We also show structural indications for interaction of mitochondria with one another, as well as with other intracellular elements such as microtubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum and T‐tubules. The data presented here help to contextualize recent reports on the mechanosensitivity and cell‐wide connectivity of the mitochondrial network and provide a structural framework that may aide interpretation of mechanically‐regulated molecular signaling in cardiac cells. Anat Rec, 302:146–152, 2019. © 2018 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…4B), as well as membranous bridges (Fig. 4C), all supporting the notion of long-distance communication inside the mitochondrial network (Glancy et al, 2017).…”

Section: Mitochondria Form a Structurally Integrated Networksupporting

confidence: 76%

Mitochondrial Deformation During the Cardiac Mechanical Cycle

Rog-Zielinska

O’Toole

Hoenger

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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“…Adult cardiomyocytes have a regionally interconnected mitochondrial subnetwork that is thought to limit the cellular consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction by disconnecting damaged mitochondria within seconds, essentially serving as a local power grid protection. 130 It is conceivable that mitochondrial fragmentation (and the consequent lowering of mitochondrial membrane potential) may protect the remaining mitochondria from the damage of energy overload 115 or ROS. 131 However, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in the diabetic heart remains to be fully explored, particularly the importance of dynamics in the regulation of ATP production and mitophagy.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Fission Fusion and Biogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered mitochondrial metabolism in the insulin‐resistant heart

et al. 2019

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Obesity‐induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus can ultimately result in various complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this case, cardiac dysfunction is characterized by metabolic disturbances such as impaired glucose oxidation and an increased reliance on fatty acid (FA) oxidation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has often been associated with the altered metabolic function in the diabetic heart, and may result from FA‐induced lipotoxicity and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. In this review, we address the metabolic changes in the diabetic heart, focusing on the loss of metabolic flexibility and cardiac mitochondrial function. We consider the alterations observed in mitochondrial substrate utilization, bioenergetics and dynamics, and highlight new areas of research which may improve our understanding of the cause and effect of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes. Finally, we explore how lifestyle (nutrition and exercise) and pharmacological interventions can prevent and treat metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes.

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“…We performed experiments to validate the proposed method. We participated in the ISBI 2012 challenge on EM stacks segmentation for neuronal structures [23] and also applied our method to a FIB-SEM dataset to segment mitochondria in cardiomyocytes [24]. We compared the performance of EM-net with CDeep3M [11], U-net [9], VGG-16 [25], ResNet-50 [26], SegNet [27] and PReLU-net [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EM-net: Deep learning for electron microscopy image segmentation

Khadangi

Boudier

Rajagopal

2020

Preprint

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Recent high-throughput electron microscopy techniques such as focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) provide thousands of serial sections which assist the biologists in studying sub-cellular structures at high resolution and large volume. Low contrast of such images hinder image segmentation and 3D visualisation of these datasets. With recent advances in computer vision and deep learning, such datasets can be segmented and reconstructed in 3D with greater ease and speed than with previous approaches. However, these methods still rely on thousands of ground-truth samples for training and electron microscopy datasets require significant amounts of time for carefully curated manual annotations. We address these bottlenecks with EMnet, a scalable deep convolutional neural network for EM image segmentation. We have evaluated EM-net using two datasets, one of which belongs to an ongoing competition on EM stack segmentation since 2012. We show that EM-net variants achieve better performances than current deep learning methods using small-and medium-sized ground-truth datasets. We also show that the ensemble of top EM-net base classifiers outperforms other methods across a wide variety of evaluation metrics.

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Power Grid Protection of the Muscle Mitochondrial Reticulum

Abstract: In the originally published version of this article, Armel Femnou's name was misspelled as Armel Fenmou in the author list. This has now been corrected.

Cited by 22 publications

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Mitochondrial Deformation During the Cardiac Mechanical Cycle

Mitochondrial Deformation During the Cardiac Mechanical Cycle

Altered mitochondrial metabolism in the insulin‐resistant heart

EM-net: Deep learning for electron microscopy image segmentation

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