Power Generation by Flat-Tube Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Enhanced Internal Reforming of Methanol

Sang, Junkang; Li, Yuqing; Yang, Jun; Wu, Tao; Luo, Xiang; Chi, Bo; Guan, Wanbing; Xu, Jinliang; Singhal, Subhash C.

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c00518

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…From Fig. 9b, it can be observed that the methanol conversion rate decreases with the addition of steam, consistent with the experimental results of Sang et al 36 Due to the dilution effect of steam, although adding steam leads to a decrease in the MDR, it can be seen from Fig. 9b that the methanol concentration at the outlet decreases with the increase in the proportion of steam.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Coupled Electrochemical-Thermo-Stress Analysis for Methanol-Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Li,

Liao,

Cheng

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A three-dimensional model of a methanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) that sufficiently considers the rib structure to understand the effects of operating conditions on a methanol-fueled SOFC is developed. The model considers the coupling of electrochemical reactions, mass transport, heat transfer, and thermal stress. The overall performance of the methanol-fueled SOFC is investigated under the influence of operating voltage, steam-to-carbon ratio, and porosity. The results indicate that as the operating voltage increases, the overall anode switches from exothermic to endothermic, and the stress of the anode first decreases and then increases. As the steam-to-carbon ratio increases, the overall temperature of the anode decreases. However, when the steam-to-carbon ratio is less than 1, the temperature at the inlet is lower than the ambient temperature. Meanwhile, the first principal stress on the anode increases as the steam-to-carbon ratio increases. Increasing the porosity reduces the length of the three-phase boundary, thereby decreasing the current density and the overall temperature and thermal stress on the anode. This study revealed the effects of operating conditions on the methanol-fueled SOFC, especially on the rib, and contribute to controlling the operant conditions for SOFC fueled by a mixture of steam and methanol.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Coupled Electrochemical-Thermo-Stress Analysis for Methanol-Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Li,

Liao,

Cheng

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Initially, a dendritic pore channel anode design was introduced, − expected to improve fuel diffusion and distribution on the catalyst surface, as well as reaction efficiency within the cell, thereby diminishing the likelihood of carbon deposition . Furthermore, co-reforming fuel with steam ,− is employed to augment the cell’s electrochemical reaction process. The cell is designed for operation at a stable output current, aiming to reduce carbon formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Deposition Mitigation Strategies in Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Case Study with Biomass Fuels

Dang,

Song,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Methanol and ethanol, when used as biomass fuels, demonstrate distinct benefits compared to hydrogen in protonconducting solid oxide fuel cells (PCFCs) applications. Nevertheless, employing these biomass fuels in PCFCs encounters a significant obstacle due to carbon deposition, adversely affecting the cells' longevity. To mitigate this issue, a dendritic pore channel anode design was implemented to optimize the fuel distribution and utilization efficiency. Additionally, the approach incorporates a co-reforming strategy of fuel and steam, operating the cell under stable output current conditions to mitigate carbon deposition in the cell. Furthermore, the integration of Ru-GDC nanofiber catalysts enhanced the cell's resistance to carbon deposition and improved its stability. Techniques such as argon and oxygen purging, along with thermal regeneration, were investigated for carbon removal. These approaches have proven to be effective in diminishing carbon buildup and restoring cell functionality. Applying these strategies, PCFCs equipped with Ru-GDC fiber catalysts, operating at a stable 700 °C current, demonstrated prolonged stability for 117 h with methanol and 96 h with ethanol, markedly surpassing the performance of untreated cells. These advancements not only alleviate carbon deposition issues in PCFCs utilizing methanol and ethanol but also enhance the potential of biomass fuels in PCFC applications.

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“…SOFCs are used to efficiently produce electricity using a fuel such as hydrogen (H 2 ). The high operating temperature of SOFCs (500 °C-1,000 °C) allows them to operate using a variety of fuels, such as carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH 4 ), methanol (CH 3 OH), and ammonia (NH 3 ) (Donazzi et al, 2016;Kishimoto et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2022;Sang et al, 2022). Conversely, SOECs are used to produce fuels like H 2 and CO, starting from water (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and an electricity supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical analysis of mixed open-circuit potential for high temperature electrochemical cells electrodes

Cammarata

Mastropasqua

2023

Front. Energy Res.

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The Nernst equilibrium potential calculates the theoretical OCV, which estimates the best performance achievable by an electrochemical cell. When multiple semi-reactions (or multiple ionic species) are active in one of the electrodes, the calculation of the theoretical OCV is not straightforward, since different Nernst potentials are associated to each semi-reaction. In this paper, analytical equations for calculation of the theoretical OCV are developed, using the mixed potential theory. The case of H2 and CO co-oxidation (or H2O and CO2 co-reduction) in solid oxide cells is used as a reference case, but similar conclusions can be drawn for other equivalent cases. OCV data from literature are used to calibrate and validate the model. The relative reaction rate of H2 and CO semi-reactions is estimated within the calibration process, and the result is in line with assumptions and suggestions given by other authors. The validation procedure shows predicted OCV values in line with experimental literature data, except for mixtures with relatively large CH4 concentration (e.g., 8%), for which the OCV is significantly underestimated. This is expected when thermochemical reactions, in parallel to electrochemical reactions occur, since the additional H2 produced by internal steam methane reforming is not accounted within the local mixed potential model. A fuel cell polarization model is developed based on the results from the calibration procedure, and it is used to predict the polarization behavior of an SOFC fed with a H2-H2O-CO-CO2 fuel mixture. It is found that either H2 or CO may be reduced rather than oxidized via an equivalent electrochemical water-gas-shift reaction.

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Power Generation by Flat-Tube Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Enhanced Internal Reforming of Methanol

Cited by 18 publications

References 60 publications

Coupled Electrochemical-Thermo-Stress Analysis for Methanol-Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Coupled Electrochemical-Thermo-Stress Analysis for Methanol-Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Carbon Deposition Mitigation Strategies in Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Case Study with Biomass Fuels

Theoretical analysis of mixed open-circuit potential for high temperature electrochemical cells electrodes

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