Power electronics in renewable energy smart grid: a review

Power electronics in smart grid distribution power systems: a review

“…However, in order to reduce the switching loss, soft-switching PE such as the H-bridge series-resonant converter shown in Figure 5(b) can be used. Whereas the hard-switching forward converter requires a very accurate bi-polar waveform or current mode control to prevent the transformer from experiencing saturation and causing extra losses (Bayoumi, 2015b), the main advantages of the resonant converter are its inherited short-circuit protection and the fact that the transformer has no saturation problems. Figure 5(c) shows a push-pull type of a DC-DC converter, which requires the high DC voltage and current.…”

“…The hard-switching three-phase VSI, as shown in Figure 6(a), is well proven design and the converter is widely used in industrial applications; however, it suffers from switching loss (Bayoumi et al, 2001). The resonant-phase leg inverter (RPLI) is shown in Figure 6(b) and is an improvement to the hard-switching inverter with zero-voltage switching (Bayoumi, 2015b (Bayoumi et al, 2001). A power conditioning system for a fuel cell with a DC-DC converter and a DC-AC inverter can be constructed with a combination of the converters discussed above.…”

“…The BESS can either send power to the utility by discharging or it can receive power from the utility to charge itself (Bayoumi, 2015b). The operation mode control block, as shown in Figure 16, decides the charging/discharging operation for the BESS.…”

“…PEs are the integral part of most of the DG technologies, in order to convert the power generated into useful power that can be directly used on the grid, they can cost up to 40% of the costs of a distributed energy (DE) system (Bayoumi, 2015b). Therefore, the improvement of the DG economics strongly requires decreased costs for the PEs.…”

“…There are many DG systems in the SG distribution systems, generally we can select six application-specific areas: In Bayoumi (2015b), the first two areas have been discussed in details. The other four areas (fuel cell systems, battery storage systems, flywheel storage systems and plug-in vehicles) are introduced, discussed and demonstrated in this paper.…”