Power Development Planning Models in East Africa

Kinyanjui, Benson; Gitau, Ayub Njoroge; Mangoli, Maurice K.W

doi:10.1080/10485236.2011.10412175

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It is the most predominantly used method in Kenya's smallholder agriculture. While hand shelling keeps the rate of Kernel breakage low, it is labour intensive, energy requirement is high [5] and leads to "sore thumb syndrome" when large quantities are handled. A decorticator is a machine for stripping the husk off kernels in preparation for further processing, storage or use as food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Performance of a Manually Operated Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Decorticator

Gitau¹,

Mboya²,

Njoroge³

et al. 2013

OJOp

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Shelling of groundnut pods using manual decorticators in Kenya is characterized by high kernel breakages and low shelling efficiencies. As a result, farmers get low income due to low cost of broken kernels and a lot of time is lost in the tedious shelling operation. To overcome this problem, pertinent parameters that influence shelling efficiency of manually operated groundnut decorticators were identified. Two manually operated decorticators were tested and modifications done on one of the decorticators to optimize its technical performance. Results of machine performance tests showed that for WBS (Wooden beater sheller) at a feed rate of 30 kg/hr and 22.6 mm clearance, shelling efficiency increased with decrease in moisture content for all the groundnut varieties. The highest shelling efficiency was 55.3% for ICGV 99568, 39.2% for ICRISAT Groundnut Variety (ICGV) 90704 and 29% for ICGV 12991 at moisture content of 5.92% wb. For RBS (Rod beater sheller) at a feed rate of 30 kg/hr and 22.6 mm clearance, the highest shelling efficiency was 58.3% for ICGV 99568, 42.7% for ICGV 90704 and 35% for ICGV 12991 at moisture content of 7% wb. Identification of the pertinent parameters showed that pod moisture content, clearance and sieve size influence performance of manually operated groundnut. Theoretical predictive models developed were optimized which showed that a maximum shelling efficiency of 88.73% can be achieved with percent damage of 4% when the sieve size is 11 mm and clearance is 16 mm with a regression coefficient of over 85%. With the modifications done on the WBS decorticator, the highest shelling efficiency of 87% was obtained at a clearance of 10 mm for ICGV 99568 which is the largest in size from the three varieties. The shelling efficiency of the modified decorticator is far above those of the RBS and WBS because the sieve sizes and clearances of the later were not optimized. The results of the theoretical optimization of the manually operated groundnut decorticator implies that farmers who shell for seeds can now obtain more seeds shelled with low breakage and therefore will get more income.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Performance of a Manually Operated Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Decorticator

Gitau¹,

Mboya²,

Njoroge³

et al. 2013

OJOp

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show abstract

“…At factory level, shelling is done at large scale using electrically powered shelling machines. Hand shelling is time consuming and laborious (Kinyanjui, et al, 2011) Manual operated shelling machines have high defective rates and is a tedious process (FAO, 2010). A company X in Zimbabwe manufactures combined manually and electrically powered machines but they are not automated resulting in low efficiency (50%), (high kernel breakage rate) and also tedious manual iterations in finding the optimum shelling gap.…”

Section: Figure 1 Types Of Peanuts / Groundnutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an Automated Powered Peanut Shelling Machine

Shoko¹,

Mushiri²

2018

Proceedings of the EAI International Conference for Research, Innovation and Development for Africa

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Groundnut is predominantly grown by communal farmers in Zimbabwe. The price of shelled kernel is approximately double that of pod. Hand shelling of peanuts is a time consuming and laborious process which is mostly used in the remote areas in Zimbabwe. Manual shelling of peanuts using "Manual Sheller's" has been adopted to reduce the time invested in hand shelling. These machines have high defective rates of almost 50% which reduce the overall gain achieved by the farmer after harvesting. As a result, the need has risen to design an automated powered peanut Sheller machine automated using a Program Logic Controller and having a servomotor as its actuator to solve the high labour, huge amounts of time lost through shelling and the low efficiency of previous Sheller designs. First hand results were obtained in this project by determining the crushing force required to shell peanuts at approximately 10% moisture content. Regression models were then used to standardise these results to enhance accuracy. Shelling throughput, automatic gap adjustment, shelling efficiency, mechanical damage are some of the parameters used to determine the overall performance of the peanut Sheller. However exhaustive research on peanut engineering properties has to be done in future to lay out a foundation for improved future designs. On an overall note, this project includes the design and assembling of different components to come up with an environmentally friendly machine that meets the set objectives.

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Power-Line Interchange

Sørensen¹

2018

Energy Intermittency

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Power Development Planning Models in East Africa

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Optimizing the Performance of a Manually Operated Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Decorticator

Optimizing the Performance of a Manually Operated Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Decorticator

Design of an Automated Powered Peanut Shelling Machine

Power-Line Interchange

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