Abstract:Abstract-The explosive growth of global mobile traffic has lead to a rapid growth in the energy consumption in communication networks. In this paper, we focus on the energyaware design of the network selection, subchannel, and power allocation in cellular and Wi-Fi networks, while taking into account the traffic delay of mobile users. The problem is particularly challenging due to the two-timescale operations for the network selection (large timescale) and subchannel and power allocation (small timescale). Bas… Show more
“…The energy efficiency of the system is studied and the energyefficient Pareto region is characterized. A Lyapunov optimization technique is employed in [61] to optimize the energy efficiency of WiFi networks with respect to network selection, sub-channel assignment, and transmit power. Energy efficiency optimization in MIMO-OFDM networks is performed in [62], considering the practical scenario in which the propagation channels vary dynamically over time (for example due to user mobility, fluctuations in the wireless medium, and changes in the users' loads).…”
Abstract-After about a decade of intense research, spurred by both economic and operational considerations, and by environmental concerns, energy efficiency has now become a key pillar in the design of communication networks. With the advent of the fifth generation of wireless networks, with millions more base stations and billions of connected devices, the need for energy-efficient system design and operation will be even more compelling. This survey provides an overview of energy-efficient wireless communications, reviews seminal and recent contribution to the state-of-the-art, including the papers published in this special issue, and discusses the most relevant research challenges to be addressed in the future.
“…The energy efficiency of the system is studied and the energyefficient Pareto region is characterized. A Lyapunov optimization technique is employed in [61] to optimize the energy efficiency of WiFi networks with respect to network selection, sub-channel assignment, and transmit power. Energy efficiency optimization in MIMO-OFDM networks is performed in [62], considering the practical scenario in which the propagation channels vary dynamically over time (for example due to user mobility, fluctuations in the wireless medium, and changes in the users' loads).…”
Abstract-After about a decade of intense research, spurred by both economic and operational considerations, and by environmental concerns, energy efficiency has now become a key pillar in the design of communication networks. With the advent of the fifth generation of wireless networks, with millions more base stations and billions of connected devices, the need for energy-efficient system design and operation will be even more compelling. This survey provides an overview of energy-efficient wireless communications, reviews seminal and recent contribution to the state-of-the-art, including the papers published in this special issue, and discusses the most relevant research challenges to be addressed in the future.
“…Since the scheduled UE indictors are binary variables, the proposed schemes in [29]- [32] cannot obtain the optimal scheduled UE indicators. Yu et al [33] investigated the joint network selection, subchannel and power allocation problem in integrated cellular and Wi-Fi networks. Exhaustive search is used in [33] to solve the network selection subproblem, and greedy selection is used to solve the subchannel allocation subproblem.…”
Section: A Related Work and Motivationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yu et al [33] investigated the joint network selection, subchannel and power allocation problem in integrated cellular and Wi-Fi networks. Exhaustive search is used in [33] to solve the network selection subproblem, and greedy selection is used to solve the subchannel allocation subproblem. However, exhaustive search is computational expensive, and greedy selection can lead to suboptimal solutions for the scheduled UE indicators when the number of UEs is large.…”
User scheduling, beamforming and energy coordination are investigated in smart-grid powered cellular networks (SGPCNs), where the base stations are powered by a smart grid and natural renewable energy sources. Heterogeneous energy coordination is considered in SGPCNs, namely energy merchandizing with the smart grid and energy exchanging among the base stations. A long-term grid-energy expenditure minimization problem with proportional-rate constraints is formulated for SGPCNs. Since user scheduling is coupled with the beamforming vectors, the formulated problem is challenging to handle via standard convex optimization methods. In practice, the beamforming vectors need to be updated over each slot according to the channel variations. User scheduling needs to be updated over several slots (frame) since the frequent scheduling of user equipment can cause reliability issues. Therefore, the Lyapunov optimization method is used to decouple the problem. A practical two-scale algorithm is proposed to schedule users at each frame, and obtain the beamforming vectors and amount of exchanged natural renewable energy at each slot. We prove that the proposed two-scale algorithm can asymptotically achieve the optimal solutions via tuning a control parameter. Numerical results verify the performance of the proposed twoscale algorithm.
NOMENCLATURE
Variables DefinitionsM Number of BSTs L Number of antennas at each BST N m Number of associated UEs in the mth BST T Number of slots in each frame T k Set of slots in the kth frame h m,n (t k ) Channel-coefficient vector of the (m, n)th access link ω m,n Pathloss of the (m, n)th access link a m,n [k] Scheduled UE indicator y m,n (t k ) Received signal of the (m, n)th UE ).w m,n (t k ) Single-stream beamforming vector for the (m, n)th UE z m,n (t k ) AWGN at the (m, n)th UE σ 2 m,n Power of the AWGN at the (m, n)th UE SINR m,n Received SINR of the (m, n)th UE
“…The known traffic demands are satisfied while minimizing the overall energy usage of the network. Yu et al [4] have given energy-aware design of the network selection, sub channel, and power assignment in cellular and Wi-Fi networks. Researchers in [3][4] Research Article authors in [5] reduces energy consumption by accessing information of medium access layer via control packet.…”
Section: Related Workmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yu et al [4] have given energy-aware design of the network selection, sub channel, and power assignment in cellular and Wi-Fi networks. Researchers in [3][4] Research Article authors in [5] reduces energy consumption by accessing information of medium access layer via control packet. In [6] authors have enhanced the network life time by shutting down the unnecessary nodes.…”
Aim: Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN's) are gaining recognition among users. But WMN resources are not always utilized up to their full capacity. Redundant links and nodes can be turned in low power state for energy savings. WMN's build on IEEE 802.11s, supports link based power saving mode (PSM). But IEEE 802.11s standard does not specify switching among PSM. This research work provides a greedy approximation algorithm to allow redundant nodes and links in low power state to achieve minimum energy consumption.
Methodology:Proposed algorithm is based on traffic consolidation over few nodes, subject to available link slots due to wireless interference. This will permit redundant nodes in deep sleep mode.Results: Analysis reveals that choosing power saving mode carefully of peer links can achieve great energy efficiency.
Conclusion:Results signifies that energy saving comes with cost of delay. So traffic consolidation based approaches are more suitable for delay tolerant networks.
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