Power Conversion Using Analytical Model of Cockcroft–Walton Voltage Multiplier Rectenna

Abstract

A voltage multiplier rectenna is a combination of a voltage multiplier rectifier and an antenna used for the conversion of AC to DC. It is an essential part of the system of RF energy harvesting. Conventional rectennas are characterized by low conversion efficiency. This study presents an analytical novel mode designed for RF energy harvesting systems to study the voltage and current output of rectifier stages for efficiency optimization. The design contains a voltage multiplier rectification circuit with seven stages. The Schottky diode HSMS 285-C was selected for the circuit modeling voltage multiplier circuit. Advanced Design System (ADS) simulation was used to validate the equations of the theoretical model solved with MATLAB code. The fabricated system was tested for an input power range of 10 μW to 100 mW; the maximum output power is 0.2577 mW with maximum efficiency of 29.85%.

Design of 2.45 GHz Rectifier for Low-Power RF Energy Harvesting Applications

“…Moreover, the proposed model demonstrates a degree of improvement of approximately 32% when compared to the design of [19]. When considering the design of [20], the proposed model achieves superior output performance when operating in a two-stage configuration compared to the reference model employed in a seven-stage configuration. When comparing the proposed work to the configuration of [28], which achieves a DC voltage of 4.5 V using 7 stages, the proposed work achieves 1.76 V using only two stages with an input of approximately 0.5 V. If the proposed work is extended to 7 stages, it is expected to achieve more than 6 V, demonstrating its superiority over the design of [29] The superiority of the suggested design in terms of obtained voltage and PCE characteristics is clearly seen in Table 5 when compared to all other rectifier designs.…”

“…The presented rectification circuit is compared to recent state-of-the-art rectifiers employed for RF energy harvesters [17,18,19,20,28], and the results are introduced in Table 5. The evaluation is conducted using various metrics, including topology, frequency, diode type, input power, load resistance, number of stages, and output voltage.…”

“…The values of XC1-XC8 correspond to reactance and are set at 100 pF, while XCL represents the reactance of the 100-pF load capacitor. RL signifies the load resistance of the voltage multiplier [20]. To streamline the circuit and assess the output signal levels, two modes (1 and 2) are used corresponding to the negative and positive peaks, respectively.…”

“…The results are discussed and compared with other recent state-of-the-art systems in section V. Section VI provides the conclusion of this research. Most of these studies concentrated on stages improvement, conversion efficiency, and antenna design [19,20].…”

Design and Analysis of a Dual-Port Multiband RF-to-DC Converter for IoT Energy Harvesting Applications

“…Some single band converters are reported in the literature for energy harvesting applications [16][17][18] . A single band converter working at frequency band of GSM-900 with efficiency 29.85% using HSMS285C Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier (VM) was proposed in 16 . Another converter operating at 2.5 GHz band was proposed has provided efficiency of 66% using HSMS2852 single stage VM 17 .…”