Power conversion efficiency enhancement of organic solar cells by addition of gold nanostars, nanorods, and nanospheres

Kozanoglu, Duygu; Apaydın, Doğukan Hazar; Çırpan, Ali; Esentürk, Emren Nalbant

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.04.008

Cited by 100 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Most common materials used are gallium arsenide, amorphous silicon, micro-crystalline silicon and germanium. The p-n junction of each material produces electric current in response to different wavelengths of light [72], [108], [109]. Operating band gap energy range is 1.1 to 1.7 eV [50], [56], [94], [98].…”

Section: Multi-junction /Tandem /Cascaded Pv Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Ogbomo

Amalu

Ekere

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The global adoption and use of photovoltaic modules (PVMs) as the main source of energy is the key to realising the UN Millennium Development Goals on Green Energy. The technology -projected to contribute about 20% of world energy supply by 2050, over 60% by 2100 and leading to 50% reduction in global CO 2 emissions -is threatened by its poor performance in tropical climate. Such performance discourages its regional acceptance. The magnitude of crucial module performance influencing factors (cell temperature, wind speed and relative humidity) reach critical values of 90°C, 0.2 m/s and 85%, respectively in tropical climates which negatively impact module performance indices which include power output (PO), power conversion efficiency (PCE) and energy payback time (EPBT). This investigation reviews PVM technologies which include cell, contact and interconnection technologies. It identifies critical technology route(s) with potential to increase operational reliability of PVMs in the tropics when adopted. The cell performance is measured by PO, PCE and EPBT while contacts and interconnections performance is measured by the degree of recombination, shading losses and also the rate of thermo-mechanical degradation. It is found that the mono-crystalline cell has the best PCE of 25% while the Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) cell has the lowest EPBT of 8-months. Results show that the poly-crystalline cell has the largest market share amounting to 54%. The CdTe cell exhibits 0% drop in PCE at high-temperatures and low irradiance operations -demonstrating least affected PO by the conditions. Further results establish that back contacts and back-to-back interconnection technologies produce the least recombination losses and demonstrate absence of shading in addition to possessing longest interconnection fatigue life. Based on these findings, the authors propose a PVM comprising CdTe cell, back contacts and backto-back interconnection technologies as the technology with latent capacity to produce improved performance in tropical climates. Keywordsphotovoltaic modules; solar cell technology; contact technology; interconnection technology; energy payback time; power conversion efficiency; fatigue life. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 *Manuscript Click here to view linked References IntroductionThe annual electrical power consumption of the entire planet can be generated by the sun in just one hour [1]. Thus, solar energy is abundant in addition to being clean, sustainable and renewable [2], [3]. Surprisingly, some parts of the world are still struggling to meet their energy needs. It may suffice to say that the regions experiencing energy issues may be having energy conversion problems rather than energy supply problems [2], [4]. It is projected that if 100% exploitation of the energy potentials of the sun ca...

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Section: Multi-junction /Tandem /Cascaded Pv Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A contact attached to a PV cell is an electrical conductor that collects electrons and holes liberated in the PV material when exposed to photons [108], [116]- [118]. Contacts function to complete the circuit and enable electric current to flow from the PV cell to a load.…”

Section: Contact Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Ogbomo

Amalu

Ekere

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…The metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) such as Au, Ag and Cu in thin ûlms or nanostructures are potential candidates in many applications such as waveguides 1 , Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) 2 and organic solar cells [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). LSPRs are well known that certain properties of collective electronic excitations within metal nanostructures that tend to trap optical waves near their interface between the metal and a dielectric medium under excited electromagnetic field 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starting from the bottom, there is an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated substrate (glass or flexible material) layer, the PEDOT-PSS layer, the active layer and lastly the aluminum top contact 4,7,8 . For the active layer, it constitutes of an organic semiconductor polymer poly (3-hexylthiophene-2, 5 diyl) (P3HT) as an electron donor and [6,6]-phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an electron acceptor. However, one important problem of OSCs is the limited light absorption due to the thin active layer 13 limited by the short lifetime of the exciton 14 and low carrier mobility of conducting polymers 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Effects in the Active Layer of Organic Solar Cells with Embedded Noble Metal Nanoparticles

Sompech¹,

Thaomola²,

Dasri³

2016

Orient. J. Chem

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The optical properties of organic solar cells with noble metal nanoparticles such as Ag and Au embedded in the active layer were investigated. The Discrete Dipole Approximation theory was used to analyze the light scattering and absorption efficiencies. The results show that the size, refractive index of medium and amount of the metal nanoparticles are key factors that directly influence the plasmonic enhancements in the devices. These parameters were adjusted for the light scattering and absorption efficiency calculations, which first reveal that as the imaginary part increases more (strongly absorbing medium) both efficiencies decrease slightly and becomes spectrally more broadened. Ag nanoparticle size increases both efficiency peak shifts to the longer wavelength. In addition, the increasing of the nanoparticle size results to the broaden efficiency spectra. When a large amount of particles the scattering and absorption spectral peak of the particles increase, the arrangement in linear chain aligned on the axis which perpendicular to the propagation direction and parallel to the linear polarized light shifts to shorter wavelength. And the higher resonance peak for more particles number is obtained.

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“…There are many literature reports about how to control the optical properties of these particles through adjusting their size and shape during wet-chemical nanoparticle growth. Based on the specific interaction of the nanoparticles with light, applications in the field of cancer therapy [11], sensor applications [12] and energy conversion [13] are envisaged. Besides of the optical properties, however, the physico-chemical behavior of the particles is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Gold Nanorods with Different Silica Shell Thicknesses

Gergely-Fülöp

Nagy

Deák

2015

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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We report the preparation and optical characterization of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) IntroductionThe importance of wet chemical synthesis of inorganic structures owning at least one dimension at the nanoscale has been a continuously emerging topic in the last two decades. A high variety of methods have been developed synthesizing various types of nanoparticles [1][2][3][4] and thin films [5-9] for different purposes.Plasmonic gold nanoparticles gained immense attention in recent past due to their special optical properties. These small noble metal nanoparticles can support certain localized surface plasmon resonance modes that results in a very large extinction (absorption plus scattering) cross-sections and nearfield enhancements at certain wavelength [10]. There are many literature reports about how to control the optical properties of these particles through adjusting their size and shape during wet-chemical nanoparticle growth. Based on the specific interaction of the nanoparticles with light, applications in the field of cancer therapy [11], sensor applications [12] and energy conversion [13] are envisaged. Besides of the optical properties, however, the physico-chemical behavior of the particles is crucial. Due to their size the particles belong to the colloidal domain, and their interaction with other substances is governed by colloidal interactions. These often determine or limit the range of possible applications (e.g. due to aggregation or unwanted surface adsorption).In this paper we focus on the connection between the physicochemical and optical properties of gold/mesoporous silica core/ shell nanoparticles as well as their assembled structures. We investigate how an increasing thickness of silica shell affects the extinction spectrum of the nanoparticles in solution and when deposited in the form of a monolayer on a solid support.

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Power conversion efficiency enhancement of organic solar cells by addition of gold nanostars, nanorods, and nanospheres

Cited by 100 publications

References 34 publications

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Optical Effects in the Active Layer of Organic Solar Cells with Embedded Noble Metal Nanoparticles

Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Gold Nanorods with Different Silica Shell Thicknesses

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