Powdered neem seed and cake for management of the banana weevil,cosmopolites sordidus, and parasitic nematodes

The banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus, is the most important insect pest of banana and plantain in the world. Cultural control methods were investigated over 2 years in southern KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. Harvesting at ground level and dissection of remnants (treatment 1), and covering the base of the mat (entire plant consisting of several meristems) with soil and moving debris to the inter‐row (treatment 2), were compared to a positive control that involved treatment of plants with a registered pesticide (treatment 3), and a negative control that involved harvesting at 150 cm from the collar with no soil or sanitation amendments (treatment 4). Yield, weevil damage and pseudostem girth of plants were measured from August to November annually, while adult beetle densities were assessed over 4 weeks in October/November and April. Nematode samples were taken and analysed in October/November every year. Damage parameters included the coefficient of infestation, the percentage coefficient of infestation (PCI) at two intervals, the summed PCI value, the percentage cross‐sectional damage of the central cylinder and cortex, and the mean cross‐sectional damage percentage. A randomized block design with three replicates was used in the trial. The parameters were similar before the onset of the trial. Fruit yield and plant girth, corrected by nematode densities, were not significantly different in any treatment, nor were the nematodes controlled. Soil cover and recession of remnants was the only effective treatment, significantly reducing the CI, but not the adult density or the other damage parameters. Soil cover showed promise as a cultural control method because it only needs to be applied seasonally and reduced the percentage cross‐sectional damage of the central cylinder, the damage parameter most closely related to yield, by 14%.

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“…1993). High rates of powdered neem are phytotoxic (Musabyimana et al. 2000) and it is not effective as a curative treatment (Fogain et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of cultural control measures against the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), in South Africa

Graaf

Govender

Schoeman

et al. 2008

J Applied Entomology

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“…The average number of weevils captured in a trap per month was assumed to have a normal distribution. The model is expressed as follows: y ijt = µ + α i + β·t + (αβ) i ·t + S j + (αS) ij + (βS) j ·t + ε ijt (where y ijt is the average number of weevils captured in a trap of type i [i = 1 (CD), i = 2 (DOS), i = 3 (PS)], at site j [j = 1 (SUA), j = 2 (Kyimo), j = 3 (Bujela)], and in month t (t = 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14)). Observations (= average number of weevils per trap per month) was weighted according to the number of traps the average capture was based on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several methods to control weevil damage have been developed or explored, including pesticides [9], botanicals [10], biological control [11], endophytes [12], entomopathogenic fungi [13] and entomopathogenic nematodes [14]. Only a few methods are at the applied stage, and most methods are impractical for small-scale farmers in countries such as Tanzania due to the lack of distribution systems and high costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A farmer participatory research approach to assess the effectiveness of field sanitation and regular trapping on banana weevil populations

Rannestad¹,

Maerere²,

Torp³

et al. 2013

Fruits

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A farmer participatory research approach to assess the effectiveness of field sanitation and regular trapping on banana weevil populations.Abstract -Introduction. Small-scale banana producers in Tanzania are facing constraints caused by the destructive activities of the banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus Germar). Many currently used methods of addressing the problem are ineffective or too expensive for local farmers to implement. Materials and methods. A combination of two integrated pest management (IPM) tools (regular trapping in combination with field sanitation) was tested at two farmer-managed sites (Bujela and Kyimo) and one researcher-managed site (SUA-Morogoro). Treated areas were surrounded by untreated control areas where no trapping and limited sanitation was done. Changes in population densities were estimated by the mark-recapture procedure and the Lincoln index. Results and discussion. After eight months, weevil populations in the cleaned and trapped areas had been reduced by 33% (Bujela), 33% (Kyimo) and 74% (SUA). The change in population sizes in the control areas differed greatly, possibly due to discrepancies in field management between farmers' and researchers' practice. Trap types, areas and sites affected the number of weevils captured. Disc-onstump (DOS) traps captured more weevils than corm disc (CD) and pseudostem (PS) traps. Weevils responded more strongly to traps in the clean area at SUA compared with the other two sites, probably because the more rigid sanitation practices at SUA meant that volatiles from the traps were less likely to be masked by volatiles from surrounding residues. Conclusion. Regular trapping with field sanitation can greatly reduce populations of banana weevils, but strict adherence to method execution is required in order to gain favourable results. Tanzania / Musa / integrated pest control / Cosmopolites sordidus / traps / pseudostems / corms / farmer participation / cultivation / weeding Recherche participative avec les agriculteurs pour évaluer l'efficacité de l'assainissement en champ et du piégeage régulier des populations de charançons du bananier.Résumé -Introduction. En Tanzanie, les petits producteurs de bananes sont confrontés à des contraintes liées aux activités destructrices du charançon du bananier (Cosmopolites sordidus Germar). De nombreuses méthodes actuellement utilisées pour résoudre ce problème sont inefficaces ou trop coûteuses à mettre en oeuvre pour les agriculteurs locaux. Matériel et méthodes. Une combinaison de deux outils de lutte intégrée (IPM) (piégeage régulier combiné avec un assainissement du terrain) a été testée sur deux sites gérés par des agriculteurs (Bujela et Kyimo) et sur un site géré par des chercheurs (SUA-Morogoro). Les zones traitées ont été entourées de zones témoins non traitées où aucun piégeage ou assainissement n'ont été faits. Les variations de densité de la population ont été estimées par marquage-recapture et par utilisation de l'indice de Lincoln. Résultats et discussion. Après huit mois, les populations de ...

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“…This attracted researchers to evaluate some of the biorationals being used by farmers (Table 3). For example, in Uganda, Pepper, Tobacco, urine, Ash [106], Ghana, neem seed, clove buds and pepper fruit extracts [107], Kenya, [108], [109] evaluated azadirachtin content of 850ppm in neem oil, 4000 ppm seed powder, 5500 ppm kernel powder, and 5800 ppm neem cake and [20] in Cameroon also used neem seed powder. Results showed a limited knockdown effect and a short-lived effect of less than 1 month.…”

Section: E Botanical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Research for the Management of the Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Sub-Saharan Africa

Bakaze¹,

Tinzaara²,

Gold

et al. 2022

EJFOOD

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The banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae] is a major pest of East African highland bananas and plantains. Its larvae bore in corm tissue damaging the root system, disrupting nutrient and water uptake, compromising plant anchorage, reducing yield, and shortening plantation life. Yield losses in bananas and plantains may exceed 50%. Available technologies for the management of the pest include cultural control, biological control, and chemical control. These methods may be costly, labor intensive, or ecologically unsustainable. Such effects, together with developed pesticide resistance, have led to various efforts searching for sustainable alternatives. To achieve this, there is a need to understand the biology of the pest and the currently available management options which includes use of cultural practices, resistant banana varieties, biological and microbial control, pheromone trapping and chemical and botanical insecticides. This article reviews the research status concerning C. sordidus biology, distribution, management options, including current innovations such as genome editing, and suggests future research directions for the management of the pest. Research findings suggest that no single control strategy will provide complete control. The integration of appropriate conventional C. sordidus management options with genetic engineering and other ecologically friendly methods such as use of botanicals and infochemicals will manage the pest and sustainably increase banana production.

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Powdered neem seed and cake for management of the banana weevil,cosmopolites sordidus, and parasitic nematodes

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Efficacy of cultural control measures against the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), in South Africa

Efficacy of cultural control measures against the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), in South Africa

A farmer participatory research approach to assess the effectiveness of field sanitation and regular trapping on banana weevil populations

The Status of Research for the Management of the Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Sub-Saharan Africa

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