Poverty and Natural Disasters: A Regression Meta-Analysis

Karim, Azreen

doi:10.5202/rei.v7i2.222

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…They cannot cut back on luxury consumption or delay consumption the way wealthier households can. In many countries they are close to the subsistence level, which means that reducing consumption can have immediate negative impacts on health (if food intake is reduced or medical care becomes unaffordable), education (if children are taken out of school), or economic prospects (if essential assets have to be sold) (Karim and Noy 2016). These consumption cuts have a large impact on immediate well-being, but can also affect human capital through health or education, creating long-term consequences on income and prospects (see below).…”

Section: Consumption Patterns and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have demonstrated that after a disaster (floods, hurricane, and storm), poverty tend to increase (Karim and Noy 2016). For instance, in Bolivia, the incidence of poverty climbed by 12% in Trinidad City after the 2006 floods, a fivefold increase compared with the national average (Perez-De-Rada and Paz 2008).…”

Section: Vicious Circles: Why Do Natural Disasters Keep People In Povmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Poverty to Disaster and Back: a Review of the Literature

et al. 2020

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Poor people are disproportionally affected by natural hazards and disasters. This paper provides a review of the multiple factors that explain why this is the case. It explores the role of exposure (often, but not always, poor people are more likely to be affected by hazards), vulnerability (when they are affected, poor people tend to lose a larger fraction of their wealth), and socioeconomic resilience (poor people have a lower ability to cope with and recover from disaster impacts). Finally, the paper highlights the vicious circle between poverty and disaster losses: poverty is a major driver of people's vulnerability to natural disasters, which in turn increase poverty in a measurable and significant way. The main policy implication is that poverty reduction can be considered as disaster risk management, and disaster risk management can be considered as poverty reduction.

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Section: Consumption Patterns and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vicious Circles: Why Do Natural Disasters Keep People In Povmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Poverty to Disaster and Back: a Review of the Literature

et al. 2020

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“…The natural disaster literature already includes several regression meta-analyses; e.g. [ 17 – 18 ]. Still, the literature on the long-term impact of economic shocks is relatively sparse, but the weight of the evidence suggests no lasting impact of even catastrophic shocks at the national level [ 19 ] but significant impacts at more local/regional levels in terms of even very long-term recovery–[ 20 ] analyses the impact of an event 50 years after the fact.…”

Section: Research On the 1995 Kobe Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Run Socio-Economic Consequences of a Large Disaster: The 1995 Earthquake in Kobe

2015

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We quantify the ‘permanent’ socio-economic impacts of the Great Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) earthquake in 1995 by employing a large-scale panel dataset of 1,719 cities, towns, and wards from Japan over three decades. In order to estimate the counterfactual—i.e., the Kobe economy without the earthquake—we use the synthetic control method. Three important empirical patterns emerge: First, the population size and especially the average income level in Kobe have been lower than the counterfactual level without the earthquake for over fifteen years, indicating a permanent negative effect of the earthquake. Such a negative impact can be found especially in the central areas which are closer to the epicenter. Second, the surrounding areas experienced some positive permanent impacts in spite of short-run negative effects of the earthquake. Much of this is associated with movement of people to East Kobe, and consequent movement of jobs to the metropolitan center of Osaka, that is located immediately to the East of Kobe. Third, the furthest areas in the vicinity of Kobe seem to have been insulated from the large direct and indirect impacts of the earthquake.

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“…Given that poor people have consumption closer to subsistence, a substantial loss from floods in the absence of support can have high non-monetary costs in the form of irreversible impacts on children and distress sales of assets (de Janvry et al 2006;World Bank and Australian AID 2014). In summary, livelihood shocks triggered by floods could keep people from escaping poverty and even push them into deeper poverty (Karim and Noy 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Floods, Climate Change, and Poverty in Vietnam

2018

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With 70% of its population living in coastal areas and low-lying deltas, Vietnam is highly exposed to riverine and coastal flooding. This paper conducts a Bstress-test^and examines the exposure of the population and poor people in particular to current and future flooding in Vietnam and specifically in Ho Chi Minh City. We develop new high-resolution flood hazard maps at 90 m horizontal resolution, and combine this with spatially-explicit socioeconomic data on poverty at the country and city level, two datasets often kept separate. The nationallevel analysis finds that a third of today's population is already exposed to a flood, which occurs once every 25 years, assuming no protection. For the same return period flood under current socioeconomic conditions, climate change may increase the number exposed to 38 to 46% of the population (an increase of 13-27% above current exposure), depending on the severity of sea level rise. While poor districts are not found to be more exposed to floods at the national level, the city-level analysis of Ho Chi Minh City provides evidence that slum areas are more exposed than other urban areas. The results of this paper provide an estimate of the potential exposure under climate change, including for poor people, and can provide input on where to locate future investments in flood risk management.JEL Codes Q54 . I30 . Q50

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Poverty and Natural Disasters: A Regression Meta-Analysis

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

From Poverty to Disaster and Back: a Review of the Literature

From Poverty to Disaster and Back: a Review of the Literature

The Long-Run Socio-Economic Consequences of a Large Disaster: The 1995 Earthquake in Kobe

Exposure to Floods, Climate Change, and Poverty in Vietnam

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