Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Nkegbe, Paul Kwame; Kuunibe, Naasegnibe; Sekyi, Samuel

doi:10.1080/23322039.2017.1293472

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding buttresses the point that improving SES of people in endemic areas would enormously help in reducing incidence of malaria [23]. However, the study found no influence of SES on the prevalence of HBV mono-infection, which may be explained by the fact that knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B is generally low in the Ghanaian population, irrespective of social class [38][39][40][41]. Therefore, raising awareness of hepatitis B in all socio-economic facets of the Ghanaian population, could help reduce the burden of the disease and co-infection with malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

et al. 2019

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Background High prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B has been reported among pregnant women in Ghana. In endemic areas, the diagnoses of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women on antenatal visits are done using histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), respectively, which are, however, reported to give some false positive results. Also, socioeconomic determinants have been drawn from these RDTs results which may have questionable implications. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B by comparing RDTs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) outcomes, and relating the PCR prevalence with socioeconomic status among pregnant women in Northern Ghana. Methods We screened 2071 pregnant women on their first antenatal visit for Plasmodium falciparum and hepatitis B virus (HBV) using HRP2 and HBsAg RDTs, and confirming the infections with PCR. Socioeconomic and obstetric information were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, and associations with the infections were determined using Pearson's chisquare and multinomial logistic regression analyses at a significance level of p<0.05. Results The prevalence of the infections by RDTs/PCR was: 14.1%/13.4% for P. falciparum monoinfection, 7.9%/7.5% for HBV mono-infection, and 1.9%/1.7% for P. falciparum/HBV coinfection. No statistical difference in prevalence rates were observed between the RDTs and PCRs (χ 2 = 0.119, p = 0.73 for malaria and χ 2 = 0.139, p = 0.709 for hepatitis B). Compared with PCRs, the sensitivity/specificity of the RDTs was 97.5%/99.1% and 97.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

et al. 2019

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“…Studies at individual or community level often define poverty indicators using a combination of household assets (housing type and ownership, education and sex of the head of household, and crowding in the household) or evidence-based indicators of socioeconomic status (occupation, transportation tools, income, expenditure or asset ownership, and rural location) [ 8 , 11 , 49 ]. For example, a study in Ghana found that social and economic factors are directly related to malaria morbidity, such that income levels for heads of household below the poverty line of USD 1 per day are a significant determinant of malaria morbidity [ 53 ]. A community-based study in Uganda reported that housing improvements and agricultural development to reduce poverty could be effective interventions against malaria [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Trends of Malaria in Relation to Economic Development and Cross-Border Movement along the China–Myanmar Border in Yunnan Province

et al. 2020

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The heterogeneity and complexity of malaria involves political and natural environments, socioeconomic development, cross-border movement, and vector biology; factors that cannot be changed in a short time. This study aimed to assess the impact of economic growth and cross-border movement, toward elimination of malaria in Yunnan Province during its pre-elimination phase. Malaria data during 2011-2016 were extracted from 18 counties of Yunnan and from 7 villages, 11 displaced person camps of the Kachin Special Region II of Myanmar. Data of per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) were obtained from Yunnan Bureau of Statistics. Data were analyzed and mapped to determine spatiotemporal heterogeneity at county and village levels. There were a total 2,117 malaria cases with 85.2% imported cases; most imported cases came from Myanmar (78.5%). Along the demarcation line, malaria incidence rates in villages/camps in Myanmar were significantly higher than those of the neighboring villages in China. The spatial and temporal trends suggested that increasing per-capita GDP may have an indirect effect on the reduction of malaria cases when observed at macro level; however, malaria persists owing to complex, multi-faceted factors including poverty at individual level and cross-border movement of the workforce. In moving toward malaria elimination, despite economic growth, cooperative efforts with neighboring countries are critical to interrupt local transmission and prevent reintroduction of malaria via imported cases. Cross-border workers should be educated in preventive measures through effective behavior change communication, and investment is needed in active surveillance systems and novel diagnostic and treatment services during the elimination phase.

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“…Malaria remains a hyperendemic disease posing a signi cant public health challenge in Ghana [4], [5]. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite the scale-up of new malaria preventive and control interventions [6], [7]. Furthermore, malaria ranks rst among outpatient diagnoses, accounting for approximately 40% of all Out-Patient Department diagnoses [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Data Analysis Using Routine Surveillance Data, Sunyani Municipality, Ghana, 2020

Mohammed

Tamal

Odikro

et al. 2021

Preprint

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IntroductionMalaria is endemic in Ghana, accounting for about 40% of all OPD diagnosis. Data on malaria is routinely collected as part of the IDSR monthly reporting forms. Sunyani municipality recorded 56,540 malaria cases in 2016 with about 35% of the cases occurring in children under five years of age. We analyzed malaria surveillance data to identify the distribution of malaria cases by person, place and time and determine the timeliness and completeness of malaria report submission in the municipality.MethodsWe analyzed malaria surveillance data in Sunyani municipality reported between 2015 and 2019 from the District Health Management Information System II. We calculated morbidity and mortality rates of cases by person and estimated proportion of cases by sub-districts. We performed trend analysis and calculated disease threshold levels. We presented the findings using tables and figures.ResultsOf 639,361 malaria cases suspected, 93.5% (597,512/639,361) were tested, of which 49.4% (295,458/597,512) was positive. Females accounted for 55.7% (164,436/295,458) of the morbidity. Children < 5 years recorded the highest proportion, 29.9% (88,135/295,458) of cases in the municipality. The case fatality rate was 3.7% (18/484) and 1.4% (7/484) for persons under age five and over age five, respectively. Abesim (6,276.03 per 10,000) recorded the highest number of cases, and the least cases were in New Dormaa (1,890.97 per 10,000). The majority of malaria cases were in May and October of each year. Antwi-krom recorded the highest rates of completeness and timeliness of 41.9% and 40.0% respectively.ConclusionMore females were diagnosed with malaria and children < 5 years recorded the highest proportion of cases in the municipality. Abesim recorded the highest proportion of malaria cases during the period. High patterns of malaria transmissions occurred during months of high rainfalls. None of the sub-districts met the WHO target for timeliness and completeness of report submission. The NMCP should consider interventions such as SMC among children under five, in the Sunyani municipality.

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Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

Spatiotemporal Trends of Malaria in Relation to Economic Development and Cross-Border Movement along the China–Myanmar Border in Yunnan Province

Malaria Data Analysis Using Routine Surveillance Data, Sunyani Municipality, Ghana, 2020

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