Poultry as reservoir for extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli O45:K1:H7-B2-ST95 in humans

Mora, Azucena; Viso, Susana; López, Cecilia; Alonso, Marı́a Pilar; Garcı́a-Garrote, Fernando; Dabhi, Ghizlane; Mamani, Rosalía; Herrera, Alexandra; Marzoa, Juan; Blanco, Miguel; Blanco, Jesús E.; Moulin-Schouleur, Maryvonne; Schouler, Catherine; Blanco, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.007

Cited by 88 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…If the within-household spread of E. coli clones is a common occurrence, CC95 may be a clone adapted to being transmitted among humans. ST95 has also been increasingly associated with other extraintestinal diseases in human and avian hosts, particularly in poultry (7)(8)(9). In recent years, the zoonotic potential of ST95 has been reported, suggesting a threat to human and animal health (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from an Outpatient Urology Clinic in Rural Japan

Umene¹,

Wong²,

Satoh³

et al. 2015

J Clin Microbiol

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gIn the remote Japanese community of Saku, a rural town in the Nagano Prefecture, a large proportion of outpatient urinary tract infections was caused by well-recognized globally dispersed clonal lineages of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). However, most of these strains were drug susceptible, suggesting that factors other than selection pressure account for the clonal spread of drug-susceptible UPEC. In Japan, most characterizations of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains have been limited to hospital settings where the proportion of drug-resistant strains may be higher than that in community-associated UPEC strains (1-4). Therefore, to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the clonal composition of UPEC in a community setting, we studied patients at an outpatient clinic in Saku, a remote rural town in the Nagano Prefecture of Japan.Patients presenting to the clinic between October 2008 and September 2009 with clinically suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) and the presence of pyuria were recruited into the study. All men and women reporting any urinary tract abnormality, history of urinary catheter use, cancer, diabetes, or other medical condition requiring hospitalization were classified as having a complicated UTI. Women without these features were classified as having an uncomplicated UTI. Patients also completed a questionnaire which included various medical, exposure, and demographic questions. Each patient provided written informed consent to participate. Approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for all E. coli isolates with the Vitek 2 compact system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The antimicrobial agents tested were cefazolin, cefotiam, ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, levofloxacin, and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (SXT). An isolate was considered to be multidrug resistant if it exhibited nonsusceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories (5). Each E. coli isolate was typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). MLST was performed according to the protocol described on the University of Warwick MLST database website (http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk /mlst/). Allelic profiles and sequence types (ST) were assigned according to the aforementioned website's scheme. Clonal complexes (CCs) were defined as groups of isolates with an identical ST or one or two allele differences from another ST within the CC. The risk factors were compared by assessing odds ratios (OR) with 95% Cornfield approximation confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was defined as a P value of Ͻ0.05.Among 199 participants, 129 completed the questionnaire. Of these, 114 (88%) were women and 15 (12%) were men; 99 (77%) had an uncomplicated UTI, whereas 30 (23%) had a complicated UTI. Patients who had diarrhea during the 6-month period prior to the current UTI and patients who lived in a hous...

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from an Outpatient Urology Clinic in Rural Japan

Umene¹,

Wong²,

Satoh³

et al. 2015

J Clin Microbiol

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“…E. coli D-ST405 has frequently been reported as one of the ESBL-producing E. coli clones in many countries, particularly in Japan (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Another E. coli isolate, B2-ST95, was reported as an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain exhibiting high virulence, which potentially originated from poultry (36). These isolates were located separately from E. coli B2-ST131 isolates in the phylogenetic tree (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of a Method Using Three Genomic Guided Escherichia coli Markers for Phylogenetic Typing of E. coli Isolates of Various Genetic Backgrounds

et al. 2015

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Genotyping and characterization of bacterial isolates are essential steps in the identification and control of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Recently, one novel genotyping method using three genomic guided Escherichia coli markers (GIG-EM), dinG, tonB, and dipeptide permease (DPP), was reported. Because GIG-EM has not been fully evaluated using clinical isolates, we assessed this typing method with 72 E. coli collection of reference (ECOR) environmental E. coli reference strains and 63 E. coli isolates of various genetic backgrounds. In this study, we designated 768 bp of dinG, 745 bp of tonB, and 655 bp of DPP target sequences for use in the typing method. Concatenations of the processed marker sequences were used to draw GIG-EM phylogenetic trees. E. coli isolates with identical sequence types as identified by the conventional multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method were localized to the same branch of the GIG-EM phylogenetic tree. Sixteen clinical E. coli isolates were utilized as test isolates without prior characterization by conventional MLST and phylogenetic grouping before GIG-EM typing. Of these, 14 clinical isolates were assigned to a branch including only isolates of a pandemic clone, E. coli B2-ST131-O25b, and these results were confirmed by conventional typing methods. Our results suggested that the GIG-EM typing method and its application to phylogenetic trees might be useful tools for the molecular characterization and determination of the genetic relationships among E. coli isolates. Several species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been found to be causative agents in frequent nosocomial infections. To understand and contain nosocomial infections, the genetic relationships between the causative bacterial isolates need to be identified. To this end, many analytical methods have been developed, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (1), ribotyping (2), arbitrarily primed PCRs, such as enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) and repetitive element sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) (3), and several multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes (4-7).PFGE and ribotyping are principally based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). PFGE in particular has been utilized as one of the gold standard methods, because standard protocols for certain pathogens, such as Escherichia coli serotype O157, have been established and are available online at the PulseNet website (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA) (8). It is relatively simple to obtain reproducible results, i.e., PFGE banding patterns, and perform comparisons of the consequent PFGE banding patterns among test isolates. However, it may be difficult to detect intrachromosomal rearrangements and recombination. PFGE is applicable for an assessment of clonality among test isolates but may not be suitable for considerations of genetic ancestor-descendant relationships.Both ERIC-PCR and rep-PCR target repetitive DNA sequence elements, which are sporadically located throughout the bacteria...

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“…In humans, ExPEC is considered to be an important cause of neonatal meningitis, septicaemia and urinary tract infections (Belanger et al, 2011). Despite the difficulty in identifying the origin of human ExPEC, the genetic overlap reported globally between human ExPEC and avian E. coli suggests that APEC may be a zoonotic pathogen Mora et al, 2013;Moulin-Schouleur et al, 2007). The ability of APEC to cause disease in rats, in a study by Tivendale et al (2010), shows APEC can cause disease in mammals.…”

Section: Public Health Significance Of Apecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human ExPEC and APEC share common VGs and APEC may act as reservoir vehicle for VGs that aid bacteria to cause disease in human (Ewers et al, 2004;Ewers et al, 2007;Mora et al, 2013).…”

Section: Public Health Significance Of Apecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Poultry as reservoir for extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli O45:K1:H7-B2-ST95 in humans

Cited by 88 publications

References 30 publications

Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from an Outpatient Urology Clinic in Rural Japan

Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from an Outpatient Urology Clinic in Rural Japan

Evaluation of a Method Using Three Genomic Guided Escherichia coli Markers for Phylogenetic Typing of E. coli Isolates of Various Genetic Backgrounds

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

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