Potentiodynamic Polarization Studies and Surface Chemical Composition of Bismuth Titanate (BixTiyOz) Films Produced through Radiofrequency Magnetron Sputtering

Abstract

The applications of Bismuth Titanate (BixTiyOz) materials have been focused on their electronic and optical properties, but with respect to the use of these compounds in applications like corrosion resistance, have been very few or nonexistent. For this reason, in the present investigation BixTiyOz thin films were deposited using RF magnetron sputtering onto silicon wafers, stainless steel 316L, and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) substrates, in order to carry out a study of the corrosion behavior of this compound. The structural properties of the coatings were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology was determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the corrosion resistance behavior of the coated and uncoated substrates was evaluated via the Potentiodynamic Polarization technique, and surface chemical composition was evaluated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XRD results indicated that the films were amorphous. The SEM micrographs showed that the deposited films were homogeneous, but in some cases there were cracks. The potentiodynamic polarization technique showed that the corrosion current in the coated substrates decreased by an order of two magnitudes with respect to the uncoated substrates, but in both cases the corrosion mechanism was pitting due to the pores in the film. The XPS analysis shows that the deposited films contain both Bi3+ and Ti4+.

Magnetron co-sputtered Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 composite – An efficient photocatalytic material with photoinduced oxygen vacancies for water treatment application

“…Absence of additional shoulder peaks next to the main peaks is believed to be indicative of the presence of only the Bi 3+ oxidation state for both BT750 and BT750 -Black samples [41]. The Ti 2p spectrum (presented in Figure 9 (b, e) for BT750 and BT750 -Black, respectively) partially overlaps with Bi 4d, also in good agreement with the information found in the literature [42]. Deconvolution of the Ti 2p spectra in each case reveals three peaks, namely Ti 4+ 2p3/2 at 458.3 eV and Ti 4+ 2p1/2 at 464.1 eV, as well as Bi 4d3/2 at 466.1 eV.…”

Ho and Ti Co-Substitution Tailored Structural Phase Transition and Enhanced Magnetic Properties of BiFeO3 Thin Films

“…Figure h reveals that Ti 2p peaks are resolved in Ti 2p 3/2 and Ti 2p 1/2 , which are located at 475.86 and 465.65 eV, respectively. This result verifies that the BH 0.10 FT 0.05 O thin film contains Ti 4+ because the binding energies are in accordance with the typical of TiO 2 . Ti 4+ ions occupying the Fe-site of BFO could compensate the charge concentration and control Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ valence fluctuation .…”

“…This result verifies that the BH 0.10 FT 0.05 O thin film contains Ti 4+ because the binding energies are in accordance with the typical of TiO 2 . 35 Ti 4+ ions occupying the Fe-site of BFO could compensate the charge concentration and control Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ valence fluctuation. 15 These confirm that the Ho and Ti co-substitution prevents the formation of oxygen vacancies in the BFO structure.…”

Augmentation of optical and magnetic characteristics at ambient temperature in bismuth ferrite-titanium (BiFe1–xTixO3) multiferroic compounds

“…The spectra for O 1s in BFO-0.08Ti and BFO, shown in figures S2(c) and (g), indicate a redistribution of oxygen within the lattice and oxygen vacancies, with the ratio of vacancies to lattice oxygen notably decreasing from 0.79 to 0.38 [32]. The Ti 2p spectrum in figure S2(d) showcases peaks at 458.22 eV and 465.81 eV, validating the presence of Ti 4+ ions due to the peaks' alignment with TiO 2 characteristics [33]. Ti4+ replacements at Fe sites in BFO help to balance charge concentrations and regulate Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ valence fluctuations, effectively curtailing the formation of oxygen vacancies in the BFO framework [32].…”