Potentiation of spinal cord conduction and neuroprotection following nanodelivery of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in titanium implanted nanomaterial in a focal spinal cord injury induced functional outcome, blood-spinal cord barrier breakdown and edema formation

Sahib, Seaab; Niu, Feng; Sharma, Aruna; Feng, Lei; Tian, Z. Ryan; Mureșanu, Dafin F.; Nozari, Ala; Sharma, Hari Shanker

doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2019.06.009

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 113 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Exercise training is a non-traumatic rehabilitation method that can promote the functional recovery of paralyzed muscles [20][21][22][23]. To date, most studies have focused on the effects of drug therapy on the neurovascular system after SCI [24,25], but ignored the role of exercise training in protection and functional recovery of the vascular system. Based on this fact and starting from clinical practice to simulate exercise rehabilitation in patients, our experimental team has designed and invented the first water treadmill that is suitable for rats to exercise after SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption in rats by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Ying

Xie

et al. 2020

Fluids Barriers CNS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The permeability of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is mainly determined by junction complexes between adjacent endothelial cells (ECs), including tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs), which can be severely damaged after spinal cord injury (SCI). Exercise training is a recognized method for the treatment of SCI. The destruction of the BSCB mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) leads to inflammation, neurotoxin production, and neuronal apoptosis. The failure of new blood vessels to effectively regenerate is also an important cause of delayed recovery after SCI. For the first time, we introduced water treadmill training (TT) to help SCI rats successfully exercise and measured the effects of TT in promoting recovery after SCI and the possible mechanisms involved. Methods Sprague-Dawley (200–250 g) rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: sham operated, SCI, and SCI + TT. Animals were sacrificed at 7 or 14 days post-surgery. The degree of neurological deficit, tissue morphology and BSCB permeability were assessed by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor function scale and appropriate staining protocols, and apoptosis, protein expression and vascular EC ultrastructure were assessed by TUNEL staining, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Our experiments showed that TT reduced permeability of the BSCB and decreased structural tissue damage. TT significantly improved functional recovery when compared with that in the SCI group; TJ and AJ proteins expression increased significantly after TT, and training reduced apoptosis induced by SCI. TT could promote angiogenesis, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was significantly inhibited by TT. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that TT promotes functional recovery for the following reasons: TT (1) protects residual BSCB structure from further damage, (2) promotes vascular regeneration, and (3) inhibits MMP-2/9 expression to mitigate BSCB damage.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption in rats by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Ying

Xie

et al. 2020

Fluids Barriers CNS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Exercise training is a non-traumatic rehabilitation method after SCI that can promote the functional recovery of paralyzed muscles [16][17][18][19]. Also, most studies have focused on the effect of drug therapy on the neurovascular system after SCI [20,21], ignoring the protection and functional recovery of the vascular system by exercise training. Based on this fact, starting from the actual clinical practice and simulating the exercise rehabilitation of clinical patients, our experimental team designed and invented an underwater-treadmill for the rst time which is suitable for rats to exercise after SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater-treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting MMP-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Ying¹,

Xie²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) can be seriously damaged after SCI and is considered to be a therapeutic target. Exercise training is a recognized method for the treatment of SCI. The destruction of the BSCB mediated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) leads to inflammation, neurotoxin production, and apoptosis of neurons. The failure of effective regeneration of new blood vessels is also an important reason for the difficulty of recovery after SCI. We introduced underwater-treadmill training (TT) for the first time, which can help SCI rats successfully exercise, and we explored the role of TT in promoting the ability to exercise after SCI and its possible mechanism. Methods SCI models were established and randomly divided into three groups. Rats underwent TT after SCI. The degree of neurological deficit, water content, BSCB permeability, protein expression and ultrastructure of vascular endothelial cells were assessed by the BBB motor rating scale, haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Evans blue (EB) staining, Western blot (WB) experiments, and immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Our experiments show that TT reduces the permeability of BSCB and decreased tissue structure damage and improved functional recovery after SCI; TT prevent the loss of TJ and AJ protein; TT promotes angiogenesis and inhibits the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 after SCI. Conclusions In this study, the results indicate that TT promotes functional recovery partly for the following reasons: (1) TT protects residual BSCB structure from further damage; (2) it promotes vascular regeneration; and (3) it inhibits the expression of MMP-2/9 to mitigate BSCB damage.

show abstract

“…Exercise training is a non-traumatic rehabilitation method after SCI that can promote the functional recovery of paralyzed muscles [20][21][22][23]. Also, most studies have focused on the effect of drug therapy on the neurovascular system after SCI [24,25], ignoring the protection and functional recovery of the vascular system by exercise training. Based on this fact, starting from the actual clinical practice and simulating the exercise rehabilitation of clinical patients, our experimental team designed and invented a water treadmill for the rst time which is suitable for rats to exercise after SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting MMP-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Ying

Xie

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The permeability of blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is mainly determined by the junction complex of adjacent endothelial cells, including tight junction (TJ) and adhesion junction (AJ), which can be severely damaged after spinal cord injury (SCI). Exercise training is a recognized method for the treatment of SCI. The destruction of the BSCB mediated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) leads to inflammation, neurotoxin production, and apoptosis of neurons. The failure of effective regeneration of new blood vessels is also an important reason for the difficulty of recovery after SCI. We introduced water treadmill training (TT) for the first time, which can help SCI rats successfully exercise, and we explored the role of TT in promoting the ability to exercise after SCI and its possible mechanism.Methods: Sprague-Dawley (200–250g) rats were randomly divided into three groups. SCI models were established and rats underwent TT after SCI. Animals were sacrificed 7 d or 14 d post-surgery. The degree of neurological deficit, water content, BSCB permeability, apoptosis, protein expression and ultrastructure of vascular endothelial cells (EC) were assessed by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor rating scale, haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Evans blue (EB) staining, TUNEL staining, Western blot (WB) experiments, and immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Our experiments show that TT reduces the permeability of BSCB and decreased tissue structure damage. TT improved functional recovery and it has significant significance when compared with the M group after SCI; TJ and AJ proteins increased significantly after TT training in SCI rats. TT training reduced apoptosis induced by SCI. TT can promote angiogenesis and the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly inhabited by TT after SCI.Conclusions: In this study, the results indicate that TT promotes functional recovery partly for the following reasons: (1) TT protects residual BSCB structure from further damage; (2) it promotes vascular regeneration; and (3) it inhibits the expression of MMP-2/9 to mitigate BSCB damage.

show abstract

Potentiation of spinal cord conduction and neuroprotection following nanodelivery of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in titanium implanted nanomaterial in a focal spinal cord injury induced functional outcome, blood-spinal cord barrier breakdown and edema formation

Cited by 24 publications

References 113 publications

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption in rats by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption in rats by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Underwater-treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting MMP-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Water treadmill training attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier disruption by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting MMP-2/9 expression following spinal cord injury

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About