Potentiation of Immune Response from Polymer-Entrapped Antigen: Toward Development of Single Dose Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine

Katare, Yogesh K.; Panda, Amulya K.; Lalwani, Komal; Haque, Irshad Ul; Ali, Mushir

doi:10.1080/drd_10_4_231

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…One of the common methods for polymeric immunotherapy is antigen encapsulation inside polymeric structures, offering distinct advantages to the therapy such as reduced dose of antigen, efficient uptake and processing by APCs, as well as increased stability during storage [17,23]. The most commonly used methods for antigen encapsulation and the preparation of polymer based immunostimulatory molecules is solvent extraction or evaporation from a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion, because of the possibility to efficiently incorporate sensitive biomolecules inside the particles [24].…”

Section: Polymeric Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revolutionary impact of nanovaccines on immunotherapy

Shahbazi

Santos

2014

European Journal of Molecular &Amp; Clinical Medicine

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Over the past few decades, public health has been immensely improved by preventing various types of diseases using vaccination, a method implying attenuated, killed or part of a microorganism to activate the immune system against it. Recently, nanovaccines have attracted a lot of attention as a new approach for enhancing the immune responses against immunogenic molecules. A wide variety 2 of nanomaterials are reported as proper candidates for nano-vaccination. Currently, the focus of nanovaccines researches are developing new formulations that trigger strong anti-cancer responses by presenting tumor antigens either directly to T immune cells or indirectly to antigen-presenting cells, holding great promise for safe, non-invasive, and cost-effective therapy of cancer. This review focuses on the critical aspects in the design of biomaterial based nanovaccines and reviews the state of the art of the formulations in clinical development and those currently marketed. Focal points:• BedsideUnderstanding the complex potential of the immune system to prevent and treat various diseases such as cancer, will contribute to the scientific advance in the development of new therapeutic strategies and will allow for the discovery of alternative treatments for deadly diseases. • BenchsideMany of the immunostimulative pathways involved in the suppression of cancer tumor growth have been identified and additional research is still needed to recognize the molecular mechanisms of the immunotherapeutic strategies. • IndustryThe discovery of new non-toxic immunotherapeutic compounds may pave the way towards developing new cancer tumor therapeutic approaches. A major effort in the identification of preventing approaches is also needed to develop preventive nanoformulations for healthy people who are at the risk of cancer. • CommunityThe treatment of cancer by cheap, efficient and as less invasive as possible methodologies will have a great impact on the quality of life of the patients. • GovernmentsSince the development of anticancer nanoformulations needs extensive support from the authorities for success in clinical translation, the financial investments of the governments is necessary to translate the research in the lab to the bedside. The governmental support can also increase the years of healthy life of the patients and minimize the associated costs overtime.

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Section: Polymeric Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the basics of the immunostimulatory effects of nanoparticles are extensively reviewed elsewhere [10,16,17], this mini-review is focused on the most relevant advances achieved so far in the development of nanovaccines with the potential translation to the clinic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionary impact of nanovaccines on immunotherapy

Shahbazi

Santos

2014

European Journal of Molecular &Amp; Clinical Medicine

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“…These NP-ligand conjugates are then expected to engage in attraction and adherence to specific cells in vivo, mainly tumour cells, as shown in Table 1. The approach does not preclude other cell types, with recent reports describing the targeting of gastro-intestinal tract epithelial cells for oral vaccine delivery strategies [72][73][74][75]. In vitro studies using a range of ligands grafted onto the surface of NP have demonstrated a significant impact on the NP uptake by targeted cells.…”

Section: Active Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Innovations in Antibody-Mediated, Targeted Particulate Nanotechnology and Implications for Advanced Visualisation and Drug Delivery

Fay¹,

Scott²,

McCarron³

2010

CNANO

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Research into the targeting of drug substances to a specific disease site has enjoyed sustained activity for many decades. The reason for such fervent activity is the considerable clinical advantages that can be gained when the delivery system plays a pivotal role in determining where the drug is deposited. When compared to conventional formulations where no such control exists, such as parenteral and oral systems, the sophisticated targeting device can reduce side effects and limit collateral damage to surrounding normal tissue. No more so is this important than in the area of oncology when dose-limiting side effects are often encountered as an ever present difficulty. In this review, the types of colloidal carrier commonly used in targeted drug delivery are discussed, such as gold and polymeric colloids. In particular, the process of attaching targeting capabilities is considered, with reference to antibody technologies used as the targeting motifs. Nanotechnology has brought together a means to carry both a drug and targeting ligand in self-contained constructs and their applications to both clinical therapy and diagnosis are discussed.

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“…Biodegradable polymer nanoparticles, typically consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), or a copolymer of PLA and PGA, are being investigated for the delivery of proteins and genes [64,65], vaccines [66,67], anticancer drugs [68][69][70], ocular drugs [71,72], and cytokines [73]. Other polymers being investigated for nanoscale drug carriers include polyalkylcyanoacrylate [74], poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) (PHB) [75], poly(organophosphazene) [76], poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [77][78][79][80], poly(caprolactone) (PCL) [81,82], poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) [83], and copolymers such as PLA-PEG [84,85].…”

Section: Polymer Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%