Potentiating Effect of Fractions of Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus on Interferon Production.,

Antiviral activities of interferons

“…Repeated exposure to inducers of interferon has been found also to cause priming (Burke and Isaacs, 1958;Ho and Breinig, 1962;Mahdy and Ho, 1964;Billiau, 1970;Goorha and Gifford, 1970a, b). Interferon-primed cells produce more interferon than normal cells when they are induced with poly(rI).poly(rC) (Rosztoczy and Mecs, 1970;Stewart II et al, 1971b) and primed cells have the same size requirement for poly (rI).poly(rC) molecules to trigger interferon production (Stewart II and DeClercq, 1975).…”

Priming: a Nonantiviral Function of Interferon

“…They referred to this enhancing effect of interferon pretreatment as "priming." In addition to the reports of priming by interferon, there are several reports showing that certain active or inactivated viruses also had an enhancing effect on interferon yields (2,11,19). Although the factor(s) responsible for the priming by viruses was not clearly resolved, at least some of the enhancement probably resulted from interferon induced by the priming agent.…”

Identification and “Induction” of Interferon1

“…Here, infective virus is more effective than the inactivated (25). Usually, the inactivated virus induces no detectable interferon (for exception, see Gifford and Heller,quoted in 35), but may render cells resistant to superinfec-tion (26,52). In addition, there is a phenomenon called "priming": if inactivated virus is added to cell cultures prior to infective virus, it will prime interferon production.…”