Potentially toxic metals and the risk to children’s health in a coal mining city: An investigation of soil and dust levels, bioaccessibility and blood lead levels

He, Ana; Li, Xiaoping; Ai, Yuwei; Li, Xiaolong; Zhang, Yuchao; Gao, Yanhua; Liu, Bin; Zhang, Xu; Zhang, Meng; Peng, Liyuan; Zhou, Ming; Yu, Hongtao

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105788

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In the present study, in addition to the particle number concentrations of Fe- and Ti-containing NPs, the “dissolved” metal (Fe and Ti) fractions, which for SP-ICP-MS includes both truly dissolved ions and NPs smaller than the size detection limit (in our case, roughly 30–40 nm; see details in Section ) were simultaneously determined in Gamble’s solution from the <1 μm fraction. For all samples, the “dissolved” Fe and Ti concentrations were in the range of 4.66–40.1 and 1.34–28.2 mg/kg, respectively, which is comparable to other inhalation bioaccessibility studies. , Moreover, there were tens of millions of Fe- and Ti-containing NPs per milligram in Gamble’s solution according to this study. These particles, with average sizes ranging from 82 to 169 nm, may also be bioaccessible.…”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Numerous previous studies based on Gamble’s solution extractions have mainly focused on dissolved toxic metal ions (using filters, e.g., with 0.45 μm cutoff, considered as bioaccessible metals) from environmental samples, such as atmospheric PM and dust . In the present study, in addition to the particle number concentrations of Fe- and Ti-containing NPs, the “dissolved” metal (Fe and Ti) fractions, which for SP-ICP-MS includes both truly dissolved ions and NPs smaller than the size detection limit (in our case, roughly 30–40 nm; see details in Section ) were simultaneously determined in Gamble’s solution from the <1 μm fraction.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Gamble’s solution, as one of the most commonly used preparations for in vitro experimentation, is a good simulant of lung fluid in vivo, representing the interstitial fluid present deep within the lungs. , It is a neutral salt solution with a pH of 7.4 . For example, it has been shown that in vitro results based on Gamble’s solution show good agreement with in vivo results of the absorption of uranium into blood. , Also, Gamble’s solution has been applied in studies of airborne particulate matter (PM), , soils, dust, and CFAs to evaluate the bioaccessibility of metals and PAHs. In this study, it is shown that the combination of Gamble’s solution in vitro and SP-ICP-MS offers insight into the potential risks caused by CFA NPs that can be retained in human lungs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Low-Rank Coal-Derived Fly Ash from China: Characterization and Implications toward Human Lung Toxicity

Tou

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) in coal fly ashes (CFAs) is critical for better understanding the potential health-related risks resulting from coal combustion. Based on single-particle (SP)-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) coupled with transmission electron microscopy techniques, this study is the first to determine the concentrations and sizes of metal-containing NPs in low-rank coal-derived fly ashes. Despite only comprising a minor component of the studied CFAs by mass, NPs were the dominant fraction by particle number. Fe- and Ti-containing NPs were identified as the dominant NPs with their particle number concentration ranging from 2.5 × 107 to 2.5 × 108 particles/mg. In addition, the differences of Fe-/Ti-containing NPs in various CFAs were regulated by the coalification degree of feed coals and combustion conditions of all of the low-rank CFAs tested. In the cases where these NPs in CFAs become airborne and are inhaled, they can be taken up in pulmonary interstitial fluids. This study shows that in Gamble’s solution (a lung fluid simulant), 51–87% of Fe and 63–89% of Ti (ratio of the mass of Fe-/Ti-containing NPs to the total mass of Fe/Ti) exist in the NP form and remain suspended in pulmonary fluid simulants. These NPs are bioavailable and may induce lung tissue damage.

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Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Low-Rank Coal-Derived Fly Ash from China: Characterization and Implications toward Human Lung Toxicity

Tou

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The concentrations of heavy metals in soils in this regulated site were generally comparable to those observed in urban and industrial soils. However, the concentrations of Hg and Zn in soils in this study were 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than those from UI-areas [64,65], while concentrations of As and Ni were 2.02 to 1.52 times that in the UI-areas [64,66,67]. The concentrations of most metals, except for As and Cd, in the sediments in our study were higher than those in the UI-areas (Figure 2b).…”

Section: Contamination Of Heavy Metalscontrasting

confidence: 61%

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Heavy Metals in a Regulated E-Waste Recycling Site, Eastern China: Implications for Risk Management

Yin

Liu³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Serious pollution of multiple chemicals in irregulated e-waste recycling sites (IR-sites) were extensively investigated. However, little is known about the pollution in regulated sites. This study investigated the occurrence of 21 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 10 metals in a regulated site, in Eastern China. The concentrations of PBDEs and Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn in soils and sediments were 1–4 and 1–3 orders of magnitude lower than those reported in the IR-sites, respectively. However, these were generally comparable to those in the urban and industrial areas. In general, a moderate pollution of PBDEs and metals was present in the vegetables in this area. A health risk assessment model was used to calculate human exposure to metals in soils. The summed non-carcinogenic risks of metals and PBDEs in the investigated soils were 1.59–3.27 and 0.25–0.51 for children and adults, respectively. Arsenic contributed to 47% of the total risks and As risks in 71.4% of the total soil samples exceeded the acceptable level. These results suggested that the pollution from e-waste recycling could be substantially decreased by the regulated activities, relative to poorly controlled operations, but arsenic pollution from the regulated cycling should be further controlled.

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“…Cumulative evidence has suggested that there was no safe BLL for children since even very low levels cause harm (29). Further actions are needed to be taken by individuals, healthcare providers, and policymakers to eliminate Pb exposure among children and adolescents, especially in some areas with potential threats (30). Many studies have explored the molecular mechanism between Pb and bone metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Lead Level Is Negatively Associated With Bone Mineral Density in U.S. Children and Adolescents Aged 8-19 Years

Cui

Xiao

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ContextThe relationship of lead (Pb) exposure with bone health in children and adolescents remains controversial.ObjectionWe aimed to investigate the association of blood lead levels (BLL) with bone mineral density (BMD) in American children and adolescents using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2010.MethodsWe analyzed 5,583 subjects aged 8-19 years (mean age, 13.49 ± 3.35 years) from the NHANES 2005-2010. BLL was tested using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the lumbar spine, total femur, and femur neck. Multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the association between BLL and BMD, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, poverty income ratio (PIR), body mass index (BMI), serum calcium, and serum phosphorus.ResultsBLL was negatively correlated with BMD at different sites of interest in children and adolescents. For every 1mg/dl increase in BLL, the BMD of the total spine, total hip, and femoral neck decreased by 0.011 g/cm2, 0.008 g/cm2, and 0.006 g/cm2. In addition, Pb affected the lumbar spine more than the femur. The effect estimates were stronger in girls than boys at the lumbar spine (P for interaction= 0.006). This negative association remained significant in American children and adolescents after excluding individuals with BLL more than 3.5 ug/dl.ConclusionOur study indicates that BLL is negatively correlated with BMD at different sites of interest in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years, even in the reference range. More research is needed to elucidate the relationships between Pb and bone health in children and adolescents, including specific mechanisms and confounding factors like race/ethnicity, gender, and age.

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Potentially toxic metals and the risk to children’s health in a coal mining city: An investigation of soil and dust levels, bioaccessibility and blood lead levels

Cited by 40 publications

References 72 publications

Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Low-Rank Coal-Derived Fly Ash from China: Characterization and Implications toward Human Lung Toxicity

Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Low-Rank Coal-Derived Fly Ash from China: Characterization and Implications toward Human Lung Toxicity

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Heavy Metals in a Regulated E-Waste Recycling Site, Eastern China: Implications for Risk Management

Blood Lead Level Is Negatively Associated With Bone Mineral Density in U.S. Children and Adolescents Aged 8-19 Years

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