Potentially harmful microalgae and algal blooms in a eutrophic estuary in Turkey

Taş, Seyfettin; Yılmaz, I. Noyan

doi:10.12681/mms.1042

Cited by 39 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The present study showed that the spatial variability was particularly structured along Secchi depth, pH, DO and NH 4 , while the temporal variability was structured along temperature, salinity, Chl-a and Si:N. Our results agree with Tas & Yilmaz (2015), which suggested that a projection of stations and environmental variables provided an upper to lower estuary separation and that the variability was particularly structured along Secchi depth and temperature. was very low.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporal and spatial variability of the potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in a eutrophic estuary (Sea of Marmara)

Taş

Lundholm

2016

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Spatial and temporal variability and bloom formation of the potentially toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. was investigated weekly to monthly from in a eutrophic estuary, the Golden Horn. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were detected in 195 of 512 samples (38%) collected throughout the year. Two species, P. calliantha and P. pungens, were identified based on the SEM examination. Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia occurred in the lower and middle estuary in January and May. The bloom in January mainly comprised P. calliantha. In the bloom in early May, P. calliantha made up 72% of the Pseudo-nitzschia cells and P. pungens 28%. However, the contribution of P. pungens increased to 83% in late May. The Pseudo-nitzschia blooms occurred at low temperature (9-158C) and moderate salinity (17 -18), and for P. calliantha a significant negative correlation was found with temperature and a significant positive correlation with salinity. The percentage of Pseudo-nitzschia cells decreased gradually from lower to upper estuary (59 -14%), correlating with a decrease in Secchi depth (5.5 -0.5 m). Principal components analyses (PCA) were used to explore the spatial and temporal variability of environmental factors in relation to Pseudo-nitzschia abundances, and showed that NH 4 , pH, Secchi depth and DO values were the most important factors reflecting spatial differences, while temperature, salinity, Chl-a and Si:N were more important factors showing temporal differences. High abundances of P. pungens correlated mainly with pH, Secchi depth and DO values, whereas P. calliantha also correlated with NO 3 + NO 2 . Low light availability due to high concentrations of suspended material and very variable environmental conditions (e.g. pH, DO and NH 4 ) may have limited growth of Pseudo-nitzschia in the upper estuary. Regular monitoring of Pseudo-nitzschia is important for improving the understanding of the influence of environmental parameters on bloom dynamics in the study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Temporal and spatial variability of the potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in a eutrophic estuary (Sea of Marmara)

Taş

Lundholm

2016

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Kempton et al (2008) stated that H. akashiwo bloom related to a rapid decrease in salinities (from 31.4 to 21.3 psu). The water salinity was measured as 16.9 psu during the dense bloom of H. akashiwo occurred in the GHE in June 2010 (Tas and Yilmaz, 2015). Similar to previous studies, also in the current study, lower salinity values were measured in the upper estuary (UE) in late May compared to middle May.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Orlova et al (2010) reported that the dense bloom of H. akashiwo (1.00×10 8 cells L -1 ) occurred in the east coastal area of Vladivostok, Russia at a temperature level of 22.0 °C in June. In the period of H. akashiwo bloom occurred in this study area in June 2010, water temperature was 21.7 °C (Tas and Yilmaz, 2015). Both previous studies and this study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between temperature and bloom formation of H. akashiwo, when it was taken into account the temperature rise (from 15.8 to 20.2 °C) between middle and late May.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…akashiwo in the ME in June and September 2010. The bloom in June (13.9×10 6 cells L -1 ) caused water discoloration and the abundance pattern of the species was highly related to the temperature (Tas and Yilmaz, 2015). In this study, the dense bloom of H. akashiwo was observed almost at the same time period (late May) and same part (UE) of the estuary (GHE).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…in the eutrophic coastal waters of Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea) (Bizsel and Bizsel, 2002;Koray, 2004) and at the near shore of the Sea of Marmara (Deniz and Tas, 2009). The previous study carried out in the Golden Horn Estuary reported summer and autumn blooms of H. akashiwo and no harmful effect on the ecosystem caused by this species was recorded (Tas and Yilmaz, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Spring bloom of the raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo in the Golden Horn Estuary at the northeast of Sea of Marmara

Dursun¹,

Taş²,

Koray³

2016

EgeJFAS

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Abstract:In the period of February-May 2012, harmful algal blooms (HABs) along with environmental factors were investigated biweekly in the Golden Horn Estuary at the northeast of the Sea of Marmara and a dense bloom of the raphidophyceaen Heterosigma akashiwo (Y.Hada) Y.Hada ex Y.Hara & M.Chihara was observed in late May. H. akashiwo abundance increased gradually from the lower estuary to the upper estuary. The dense bloom of H. akashiwo in late May occurred at the temperature of 20.2°C and salinity of 16.4 psu and its abundance reached to 10.4×10 6 cells L -1 . When compared to mid-May, the mean temperature of surface water increased 4.50°C, while salinity decreased 2.30 psu in late May. Secchi depth values decreased rapidly from the lower to the upper estuary (6.00 m to 0.50 m). It is considered that a rapid increase in temperature, a decrease in salinity, and high nutrient concentrations in combination with low water circulation at the upper estuary were the causes of the bloom of H. akashiwo. Fish mortality or other harmful effects in environment were not observed during the H. akashiwo bloom. But, these events may create a potentially toxic risk for the study area in the future.

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Mechanical, UV protection, and antibacterial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/marine mucilage biocomposite films

Soydan,

Gumus,

Yilmaz

2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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The mucilage that accumulated in the Sea of Marmara in 2021 turned into an environmental disaster that threatened not only marine life but also the shipping and tourism industries. However, because of the partially organic structure of marine mucilage, it has the potential to be used as an additive for polymer films. In this study, bioplastic films were prepared from PVA with a series of mucilage content from 0% to 50% by mass, and their properties were investigated. The FT‐IR spectra revealed a shift in hydroxyl peaks, suggesting an interaction between the mucilage and PVA. SEM images showed the formation of crystal forms at the higher mucilage content of 20%, indicating ionic saturation of the PVA matrix. EDX and XRD analyses revealed that the crystal was NaCl coming from the mucilage composition. The tensile strength of the neat PVA film was measured as 9.86 MPa and improved to 14.56 MPa with 5% mucilage content, which is attributed to the ionic cross‐linking. The tensile properties were preserved up to 20% of the mucilage content, and then sudden decrements were observed. The transmittance percentage (T%) of the neat PVA film in UV–Vis spectra (800–200 nm) was detected as 75% at 500 nm and decreased down to 39% with increased mucilage content up to 50%. Furthermore, a rising limit of linearity (LOL) of the spectrums was observed from 350 to 580 nm, with increasing mucilage content from 5% to 50%. The biofilms showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Hence, a robust and biodegradable film having UV protection and antibacterial activity was developed from the marine mucilage bio‐waste.Highlights Poly(vinyl alcohol)/marine mucilage biocomposite films were prepared. Biocomposite films showed increased UV‐A, UV‐B, and UV‐C protection with increased mucilage content. Enhanced tensile strength of biocomposite films up to 20 wt% mucilage content was determined due to ionic crosslink formed by NaCl salt ions. Biocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

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Potentially harmful microalgae and algal blooms in a eutrophic estuary in Turkey

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Temporal and spatial variability of the potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in a eutrophic estuary (Sea of Marmara)

Temporal and spatial variability of the potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in a eutrophic estuary (Sea of Marmara)

Spring bloom of the raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo in the Golden Horn Estuary at the northeast of Sea of Marmara

Mechanical, UV protection, and antibacterial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/marine mucilage biocomposite films

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