Potentially handicapped but otherwise functional: Malformations in prey capture tools show no impacts on octopus life

Fernández‐Álvarez, Fernando Ángel; Farré, Marc; Sánchez-Márquez, Antoni; Villanueva, Roger; Escolar, Oscar; Navarro, Joan

doi:10.1002/ece3.6903

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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Section: Taxonomy and Beak Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies revealed the potential of beak shape analysis in ecological studies (Fernández-Álvarez et al, 2020;Pacheco-Ovando et al, 2021;Roscian et al, 2022). Specifically, Fernández-Álvarez et al (2020) studied impacts of developmental malformations of the buccal mass on the trophic position of Eledone cirrhosa and found that the habitat and the trophic position were not significantly affected by the malformations. Other authors found significant differences in the beak shapes of pelagic and benthic species in relation to their trophic levels (Roscian et al, 2022), between species living in coastal and oceanic habitats (Pacheco-Ovando et al, 2021) and between species/populations living in different feeding habitats (Pacheco-Ovando et al, 2021).…”

Section: Taxonomy and Beak Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Xavier

Golikov²,

Queirós³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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The use of cephalopod beaks in ecological and population dynamics studies has allowed major advances of our knowledge on the role of cephalopods in marine ecosystems in the last 60 years. Since the 1960’s, with the pioneering research by Malcolm Clarke and colleagues, cephalopod beaks (also named jaws or mandibles) have been described to species level and their measurements have been shown to be related to cephalopod body size and mass, which permitted important information to be obtained on numerous biological and ecological aspects of cephalopods in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, a range of new techniques has been applied to cephalopod beaks, permitting new kinds of insight into cephalopod biology and ecology. The workshop on cephalopod beaks of the Cephalopod International Advisory Council Conference (Sesimbra, Portugal) in 2022 aimed to review the most recent scientific developments in this field and to identify future challenges, particularly in relation to taxonomy, age, growth, chemical composition (i.e., DNA, proteomics, stable isotopes, trace elements) and physical (i.e., structural) analyses. In terms of taxonomy, new techniques (e.g., 3D geometric morphometrics) for identifying cephalopods from their beaks are being developed with promising results, although the need for experts and reference collections of cephalopod beaks will continue. The use of beak microstructure for age and growth studies has been validated. Stable isotope analyses on beaks have proven to be an excellent technique to get valuable information on the ecology of cephalopods (namely habitat and trophic position). Trace element analyses is also possible using beaks, where concentrations are significantly lower than in other tissues (e.g., muscle, digestive gland, gills). Extracting DNA from beaks was only possible in one study so far. Protein analyses can also be made using cephalopod beaks. Future challenges in research using cephalopod beaks are also discussed.

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Section: Taxonomy and Beak Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taxonomy and Beak Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Xavier

Golikov²,

Queirós³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…More importantly, this study demonstrated the advantage of machine learning methods in the shape analysis data, in some cases it led to an increase in the accuracy of a species determination from 31.4 to 77.3%. The most recently, landmark-based outline analysis of cephalopod beaks was applied to test the differences between Eledone cirrhosa experiencing developmental malformations (bearing additional buccal pieces at the location of the first sucker of ventral arms) and ones with the normal structure of the raptorial apparatus (Fernández-Álvarez et al, 2020). Analysis revealed significant differences between these individuals, although authors assume that identified differences don't affect octopus's trophic position (which resulted in occupation of the same isotopic space) or survival.…”

Section: Beaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Shape Analyses to Recording Structures of Marine Organisms for Stock Discrimination and Taxonomic Purposes

Lishchenko

Jones

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Morphometric analysis of biogenic recording structures within marine organisms has applications in stock assessment, taxonomics, and ecomorphological studies, with shape variation markedly influenced by both genetics and the surrounding environment. Geometric morphometrics (GM) is an alternative approach to the “traditional” method of collecting linear measurements and applying multivariate statistical methods to these data. Landmark- and outline-based GM methods are suggested to have several advantages over the “traditional” method. Due to the increasing popularity of GM methods in the modern literature, this chapter first compares different morphometric techniques, and then reviews the methods applied to recording structures, with a focus on GM outline-based analyses. It is clear that outline methods have become a popular method of analysis for structures such as otoliths, particularly for the purpose of distinguishing between population components. However, for other structures such as beaks this technique is only in its early stages of application and is more difficult to apply but shows great promise for future studies. The advantages of using a holistic approach, incorporating several techniques including outline analysis for stock identification purposes is discussed.

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“…Although it may seem that a certain morphology results in a set of ecological consequences, these biological processes are not directly related to morphology, rather they are related to the organism's capacity to perform a certain task (Losos 1990). Thus, performance, not morphology, expressed though the traits of organisms, is selected by natural selection (Wainwright 2007;Ibáñez et al 2021a, b) and the outcome of this selection is observed as morphological variation across different organisms (Fernández-Álvarez et al 2020;Masello et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the phylogenetic and ecological drivers of beak shape variability in cephalopods

Sánchez-Márquez

Navarro

Kaliontzopoulou

et al. 2022

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Cephalopod beaks are essential for prey acquisition and fragmentation during feeding. Thus, it is expected that ecological pressures affect cephalopod beak shape. From a practical perspective, these structures are also used to identify gut contents of marine megafauna, such as toothed whales, sharks, seabirds, and large pelagic fishes. Here, we investigated the relative importance of ecological pressures and phylogenetic relatedness in the evolution of beak shape using a wide range of Mediterranean cephalopod species. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete mitogenomes and nuclear ribosomal genes provided a well-supported phylogeny among the 18 included cephalopods. Geometric morphometric and stable isotope methods were implemented to describe interspecific beak shape and trophic niche variability, respectively. Phylogenetic signal was detected in the shape of both parts of the beak (upper and lower). However, lower beak shape was more distinct among closely related species, in line with the empirical notion that lower beak morphology is more useful as an identification tool in cephalopods. Interestingly, no association between beak shape and trophic niche (stable isotope values) was found. These results suggest that the evolution of cephalopod beak shape as quantified here is mainly driven by phylogenetic relationships, while feeding habits play a minor role. Graphical abstract

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Potentially handicapped but otherwise functional: Malformations in prey capture tools show no impacts on octopus life

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Application of Shape Analyses to Recording Structures of Marine Organisms for Stock Discrimination and Taxonomic Purposes

Unravelling the phylogenetic and ecological drivers of beak shape variability in cephalopods

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