Potential Utilisation of Dark-Fermented Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Continuous Production of Biomethane by Self-Granulated Mixed Culture

Mahmod, Safa Senan; Azahar, Azratul Madihah; Luthfi, Abdullah Amru Indera; Abdul, Peer Mohamed; Mastar, Mohd Shahbudin; Anuar, Nurina; Takriff, Mohd Sobri; Jahim, Jamaliah Md

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65702-w

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In Malaysia, palm oil is known as the largest agriculture sector, contributing considerably to the country's economic growth 1 . The oil palm plantation area accounts for 11% of Malaysian land 2 and produces over 13 million tonnes of crude palm oil each year 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Removal behaviour of residual pollutants from biologically treated palm oil mill effluent by Pennisetum purpureum in constructed wetland

Ujang

Roslan

Osman

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The reason for such enormous efforts in palm oil mill effluent research would be what has been singled out as one of the major sources of pollution in Malaysia, and perhaps the most costly and complex waste to manage. Palm oil mill final discharge, which is the treated effluent, will usually be discharged to nearby land or river since it has been the least costly way to dispose of. Irrefutably, the quality level of the treated effluent does not always satisfy the surface water quality in conformity to physicochemical characteristics. To work on improving the treated effluent quality, a vertical surface-flow constructed wetland system was designed with Pennisetum purpureum (Napier grass) planted on the wetland floor. The system effectively reduced the level of chemical oxygen demand by 62.2 ± 14.3%, total suspended solid by 88.1 ± 13.3%, ammonia by 62.3 ± 24.8%, colour by 66.6 ± 13.19%, and tannin and lignin by 57.5 ± 22.3%. Heat map depicted bacterial diversity and relative abundance in life stages from the wetland soil, whereby bacterial community associated with the pollutant removal was found to be from the families Anaerolineaceae and Nitrosomonadaceae, and phyla Cyanobacteria and Acidobacteria.

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confidence: 99%

Removal behaviour of residual pollutants from biologically treated palm oil mill effluent by Pennisetum purpureum in constructed wetland

Ujang

Roslan

Osman

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The analysis from the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (Figure 6 and Table 2) revealed the bacterial communities responsible for the mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion at the OLR of 4.0 g COD/L.d. In this study, two-step nested PCR was applied as an alternative of a single-step procedure in order to improve the sensitivity of PCR as well as to amplify the community structure of the methanogenic communities [41,42]. The assemblage of mesophilic methanogens was found to coexist mainly of those in the class Methanosarcina thermophila and the addition of few Methanothermobacter sp.…”

Section: Microbial Community At Best Performance Olrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent under Various Organic Loading Rates and Temperatures

Hamzah

Abdul

Mahmod

et al. 2020

Water

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This study compared the performance of thermophilic and mesophilic digesters of an anaerobic digestion system from palm oil mill effluent (POME), in which temperature is a key parameter that can greatly affect the performance of anaerobic digestion. The digesters were incubated at two distinct temperatures of 55 and 37 °C, and operated with varying organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2.4, 3.2, and 4.0 g COD/L.d by altering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of acidified POME during feeding. The results indicated that the performance of anaerobic digestion increased as the OLR increased from 2.4 to 4.0 g COD/L.d. At the OLR of 4.0 g COD/L.d, the thermophilic condition showed the highest methane yield of 0.31 ± 0.01 L/g COD, accompanied by the highest COD removal and volatile solid reduction, which were found to be higher than the mesophilic condition. Microbial community analysis via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that Methanothermobacter sp. emerges as the dominant microbe, which is known to utilize the carbon dioxide pathway with hydrogen acting as an electron donor for methane formation

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“…Two-phase separation prevents VFA accumulation, pH drops, and the separation of acidogenesis and methanogenesis bacteria, allowing the feedstock to degrade more efficiently [30][31][32][33][34]. In general, the separation of hydrolytic-acidogenic and methanogenesis phases in anaerobic digestion processes results in shorter retention times, better stability, and higher biogas or methane production rates than single-phase anaerobic digestion processes [35]. Furthermore, phase separation allows for the optimization of the organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) based on the needs of each phase's microbial consortiums and can prevent the imbalance caused by groups of anaerobic bacteria in single-phase reactors [29,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Operating Parameters for Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Treating Slaughterhouse Wastewater for Biogas Production: Focus on Hydrolytic–Acidogenic Phase

2023

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In a two-phase anaerobic digestion process, enhanced biogas production and organic pollutant removal depend on the stability and performance of the hydrolytic–acidogenic and methanogenic phases. Additionally, the hydrolytic–acidogenic phase is a rate-limiting step, which calls for the further optimization of operating parameters. The objective of this study was to optimize the operating parameters of the hydrolytic–acidogenic reactor (HR) in the two-phase anaerobic digestion treating slaughterhouse wastewater. The experiment was carried using bench-scale sequential bioreactors. The hydrolytic–acidogenic reactor operating parameters were optimized for six different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (6–1 day) and organic loading rates (OLRs) (894.41 ± 32.56–5366.43 ± 83.80 mg COD/L*day). The degree of hydrolysis and acidification were mainly influenced by lower HRT (higher OLR), and the highest values of hydrolysis and acidification were 63.92% and 53.26% at an HRT of 3 days, respectively. The findings indicated that, at steady state, the concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) decrease as HRT decreases and OLR increases from HRTs of 3 to 1 day and 894.41–1788.81 mg COD/L*day, respectively, and increase as the HRT decreases from 6 to 4 days. The concentration of NH4+-N ranges from 278.67 to 369.46 mg/L, which is not in the range that disturbs the performance and stability of the hydrolytic acidogenic reactor. It was concluded that an HRT of 3 days and an ORL of 1788.81 mg COD/L*day were selected as optimal operating conditions for the high performance and stability of the two-phase anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse wastewater in the hydrolytic–acidogenic reactor at a mesophilic temperature. The findings of this study can be applicable for other agro-process industry wastewater types with similar characteristics and biowaste for value addition and sustainable biowaste management and safe discharge.

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Potential Utilisation of Dark-Fermented Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Continuous Production of Biomethane by Self-Granulated Mixed Culture

Cited by 14 publications

References 77 publications

Removal behaviour of residual pollutants from biologically treated palm oil mill effluent by Pennisetum purpureum in constructed wetland

Removal behaviour of residual pollutants from biologically treated palm oil mill effluent by Pennisetum purpureum in constructed wetland

Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent under Various Organic Loading Rates and Temperatures

Optimization of Operating Parameters for Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Treating Slaughterhouse Wastewater for Biogas Production: Focus on Hydrolytic–Acidogenic Phase

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