Potential structural role of non-coding and coding RNAs in the organization of the cytoskeleton at the vegetal cortex of<i>Xenopus</i>oocytes

Kloc, Małgorzata; Wilk, Katarzyna; Vargas, Diana Y.; Shirato, Yuri; Biliński, S; Etkin, Laurence D.

doi:10.1242/dev.01919

Cited by 147 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Xenopus laevis stage VI oocytes, mature oocytes and activated eggs were fixed in 100% methanol overnight at −20°C and stained with anti-cytokeratin C11-FITC conjugated antibody (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) as described previously (16). Experimental oocytes were injected with antisense deoxynucleotides against Xlsirts and VegT RNA exactly as described previously (16) Whole-mount immunostaining of cytokeratin for electron microscopy Stage VI oocytes, mature oocytes and activated eggs were fixed in 1 or 4% formaldehyde in 100% methanol overnight at −20°C.…”

Section: Antisense Oligonucleotide Injection and Cytokeratin Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, various RNAs localized to the germ/pole plasm are components of germinal or polar granules and serve as germ cell determinants involved in the specification of the germ cell fate (1,3,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Recently, RNAs were also shown to play a novel, structural role in the organization of mitotic spindle in HeLa cells and Xenopus egg extracts (15) and in the organization of cytoskeleton in Xenopus oocytes (16). In Xenopus oocytes, which are polarized along an animal/vegetal axis (3,17), the localized, noncoding RNA Xlsirts and coding mRNA VegT play a structural role in the organization of the cytokeratin cytoskeleton in the oocyte vegetal cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Xenopus oocytes, which are polarized along an animal/vegetal axis (3,17), the localized, noncoding RNA Xlsirts and coding mRNA VegT play a structural role in the organization of the cytokeratin cytoskeleton in the oocyte vegetal cortex. Destruction of these RNAs causes the disruption of cytokeratin in a transcript-specific manner, which results in the release of several different RNAs from the vegetal cortex (16,18). In addition, destruction of VegT mRNA interferes with the proper organization of germinal granules and the development of the germline in the embryo (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Destruction of these RNAs causes the disruption of cytokeratin in a transcript-specific manner, which results in the release of several different RNAs from the vegetal cortex (16,18). In addition, destruction of VegT mRNA interferes with the proper organization of germinal granules and the development of the germline in the embryo (16). It was observed that in VegT mRNA-depleted oocytes and embryos the germinal granules fuse and coalesce into large aggregates (16) but mechanism for this transformation remains, thus far, unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, destruction of VegT mRNA interferes with the proper organization of germinal granules and the development of the germline in the embryo (16). It was observed that in VegT mRNA-depleted oocytes and embryos the germinal granules fuse and coalesce into large aggregates (16) but mechanism for this transformation remains, thus far, unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organization of cytokeratin cytoskeleton and germ plasm in the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes depends on coding and non-coding RNAs: Three-dimensional and ultrastructural analysis

Kloc

Biliński

Dougherty

2007

Experimental Cell Research

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Recent studies discovered a novel structural role of RNA in maintaining the integrity of the mitotic spindle and cellular cytoskeleton. In Xenopus laevis, noncoding Xlsirts and coding VegT RNAs play a structural role in anchoring localized RNAs, maintaining the organization of the cytokeratin cytoskeleton and germinal granules in the oocyte vegetal cortex, and subsequent development of the germline in the embryo. We studied the ultrastructural effects of antisense oligonucleotide driven ablation of Xlsirts and VegT RNAs on the organization of the cytokeratin, germ plasm and other components of the vegetal cortex. We developed a novel method to immunolabel and visualize cytokeratin at the electron microscopy level, which allowed us to reconstruct the ultrastructural organization of the cytokeratin network relative to the components of the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes. The removal of Xlsirts and VegT RNAs not only disrupts the cytokeratin cytoskeleton but also has a profound transcript-specific effect on the anchoring and distribution of germ plasm islands and their germinal granules and the arrangement of yolk platelets within the vegetal cortex. We suggest that the cytokeratin cytoskeleton plays a role in anchoring of germ plasm islands within the vegetal cortex and germinal granules within the germ plasm islands.

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Section: Antisense Oligonucleotide Injection and Cytokeratin Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Organization of cytokeratin cytoskeleton and germ plasm in the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes depends on coding and non-coding RNAs: Three-dimensional and ultrastructural analysis

Kloc

Biliński

Dougherty

2007

Experimental Cell Research

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Biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and disease relevance of RNA localization pathways

et al. 2018

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The asymmetric subcellular distribution of RNA molecules from their sites of transcription to specific compartments of the cell is an important aspect of post-transcriptional gene regulation. This involves the interplay of intrinsic cis-regulatory elements within the RNA molecules with trans-acting RNAbinding proteins and associated factors. Together, these interactions dictate the intracellular localization route of RNAs, whose downstream impacts have wide-ranging implications in cellular physiology. In this review, we examine the mechanisms underlying RNA localization and discuss their biological significance. We also review the growing body of evidence pointing to aberrant RNA localization pathways in the development and progression of diseases.Keywords: Cis-regulatory elements; RNA disease; RNA localization; RNA-binding proteinsThe asymmetric organization of cells is a pervasive feature that ensures the homeostasis of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. This relies on the capacity of cells to organize their contents, including lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, into specific subcellular structures and organelles. While much of this organization has been attributed to subcellular protein transport [1], a growing body of work indicates that the regulated localization of RNA molecules is also a key process observed across evolutionary timescales [2][3][4][5][6]. This form of post-transcriptional regulation where coding and noncoding RNA molecules actively associate with trans-acting partners, such as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), serves to dictate both the function and intra-or extracellular destiny of the RNA. During RNA localization, cis-regulatory elements found within the RNA molecule, whether coding or noncoding, act as recognition sites for the recruitment of trans-acting RBPs, which dictate the intra-/extra-cellular fate of the RNA and, ultimately, its functional state. Over the years, the wide-ranging implications of RNA localization on cellular physiology have become apparent, affecting many aspects of cell organization and function. Indeed, RNA localization pathways have been linked to numerous important processes, including developmental patterning, cell polarity, spindle assembly, formation of nonmembranous compartments, localized translation, and cell motility [2][3][4][5][6].

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Selection of bifunctional RNAs with specificity for arginine and lipid membranes

Janas,

Sapoń,

Janas

2024

FEBS Letters

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The molecular mechanisms of selective RNA loading into exosomes and other extracellular vesicles are not yet completely understood. In order to show that a pool of RNA sequences binds both the amino acid arginine and lipid membranes, we constructed a bifunctional RNA 10Arg aptamer specific for arginine and lipid vesicles. The preference of RNA 10Arg for lipid rafts was visualized and confirmed using FRET microscopy in neuroblastoma cells. The selection‐amplification (SELEX) method using a doped (with the other three nucleotides) pool of RNA 10Arg sequences yielded several RNA 10Arg(D) sequences, and the affinities of these RNAs both to arginine and liposomes are improved in comparison to pre‐doped RNA. Generation of these bispecific aptamers supports the hypothesis that an RNA molecule can bind both to RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) through arginine within the RBP‐binding site and to membrane lipid rafts, thus facilitating RNA loading into exosomes and other extracellular vesicles.

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Potential structural role of non-coding and coding RNAs in the organization of the cytoskeleton at the vegetal cortex ofXenopusoocytes

Cited by 147 publications

References 42 publications

Organization of cytokeratin cytoskeleton and germ plasm in the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes depends on coding and non-coding RNAs: Three-dimensional and ultrastructural analysis

Organization of cytokeratin cytoskeleton and germ plasm in the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes depends on coding and non-coding RNAs: Three-dimensional and ultrastructural analysis

Biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and disease relevance of RNA localization pathways

Selection of bifunctional RNAs with specificity for arginine and lipid membranes

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