Potential Sources and Formations of the PM2.5 Pollution in Urban Hangzhou

Wu, Jiansheng; Xu, Chang; Wang, Qiongzhen; Cheng, Wen Po

doi:10.3390/atmos7080100

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The major PM sources have changed from coal burning to a mixture of construction sites, coal burning, vehicle exhaust, and secondary particles. Iron/steel manufacturing, secondary aerosols, and local vehicle emissions are suggested as the main sources of PM 2.5 in Hangzhou City [29,32], with secondary inorganic aerosols playing an important role in haze formation [45]. particles.…”

Section: Temporal Distribution Of Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Land-Use Patterns in Hangzhou City, China

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Air pollution contributes to a large fraction of the total mortality estimated under the global burden of disease project (GBD) of the World Health Organization (WHO). This paper discusses an integrated study to obtain the spatiotemporal characteristics of particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) and trace gases (O 3 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO) pollutants in Hangzhou City (China) for the years 2014-2016. Our detailed analysis shows a relationship between air pollutants and land-use/land-cover change. Air quality parameters (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) and trace gases (SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO) show strong monthly variations in the months of January (higher values) and July (lower values). During monsoon and summer seasons, air quality and trace gases show low values, whereas ozone (O 3 ) is higher in the summer and lower in the winter. The spatial distribution of air pollutants is retrieved using the kriging method at the monitoring sites in Hangzhou City. We have considered normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST) from the Landsat 8 data. The correlation between air pollutants and land use at the street-town unit suggests that areas with low NDVI, high road density, large built-up density, and LST are consistent with high concentrations of particulate matter and SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO. Among the trace gases, NO 2 is found to be the most sensitive element affected by land use patterns, and O 3 shows weak correlation with land use. SO 2 shows a strong positive correlation with road density and LST, whereas CO shows positive correlation with the built-up density, LST, and population density.

show abstract

Section: Temporal Distribution Of Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…episodes [32]. Eliminating substandard vehicles, upgrading vehicle standards, supplying low-sulfur oil, and introducing alternative fuel vehicles could simultaneously reduce the four key pollutants (CO, volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter) [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Land-Use Patterns in Hangzhou City, China

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is likely because that high temperature in a year could help to accelerate the photochemical reaction between precursors, further influencing the formation of particles [41]. Therefore, the effects of temperature on particle concentrations are complex [8,9]. For instance, in summer, high temperature promotes the formation of particulate sulfate, but dissociates parts of particulate nitrate [48][49][50], hence, it was hard to present the definite relationships between temperature and PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations.…”

Section: Effect Of Meteorological Factors On Pm 10 and Pm 25 Concentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removing mass particles from the atmosphere links to many complicated physical processes, such as deposition, interception, impaction, and resuspension, and they are all related to meteorological conditions [2], including air temperature, relative humidity, and wind conditions [6,7]. Generally, temperature has an effect on atmospheric relative humidity and air turbulence [8][9][10] and increasing temperature will be followed by decreasing humidity and increasing turbulence, which as a consequence decreases PM concentration and increases resuspension at the same time [8]. The low temperature and high relative humidity have a negative relationship with particle concentrations [11], while the physical mechanism still remains blurred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concentrations and Removal Effects of PM10 and PM2.5 on a Wetland in Beijing

Huang

Guo

et al. 2019

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particulate matter (PM) is an essential source of atmospheric pollution in metropolitan areas since it has adverse effects on human health. However, previous research suggested wetlands can remove particulate matter from the atmosphere to land surfaces. This study was conducted in the Hanshiqiao Wetland National Nature Reserve in Beijing during 2016. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 on a wetland and bare land in the park, as well as metrological data, were collected during the whole year. Based on the observed data, removal efficiency of each land use type was calculated by empirical models and the relationships between concentrations and metrological factors were also analyzed. The results indicated that: (1) In general, the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations on the bare land surface were higher than those on the wetland surface, in both of which the highest value appeared at night and evening, while the lowest value appeared near noon. In terms of season, the average concentration of PM10 was higher in winter (wetland: 137.48 μg·m−3; bare land: 164.75 μg·m−3) and spring (wetland: 205.18 μg·m−3; bare land: 244.85 μg·m−3) in general. The concentration of PM2.5 on the wetland surface showed the same pattern, while that on the bare land surface was higher in spring and summer. (2) Concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were significantly correlated with the relative humidity (p < 0.01) and inversely correlated with wind speed (p < 0.05). The relationship between PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations and temperature was more complicated—it showed a significantly negative correlation (p < 0.01) between them in winter and spring, however, the correlation was insignificant in autumn. In summer, only the correlation between PM10 concentration and temperature on the wetland surface was significant (p < 0.01). (3) The dry removal efficiency of PM10 was greater than that of PM2.5. The dry removal efficiencies of PM10 and PM2.5 followed the order of spring > winter > autumn > summer on the wetland. This study seeks to provide practical measures to improve air quality and facilitate sustainable development in Beijing.

show abstract

“…In this study, we are focusing on Hangzhou City, which is one of the central cities of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration; we explored its atmospheric environment ( Figure 1a) and found that, as a tourist city, Hangzhou City's air quality condition was not in sufficient shape [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Liu et al [27] analyzed the atmospheric PM 2.5 mass concentration variation characteristics in Hangzhou from 2011 to 2014 and concluded that the peak appeared in 2013 (52.2 µg/m 3 ) and is closely related to the motor vehicle emissions and changes in meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Sdrp Journal Of Earth Sciences and Environmental Studies (Issnmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of PM2.5 and its Relationship to Land-Use Patterns and Special to Land-Use and People in Hangzhou

Tian¹

2018

SDRP-JESES

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SIFT DESK namics) [1]. The high exposure of babies to PM 10 turned out to be one of the primary causes of decreased head and body size [2], and the long-term exposure to high concentrations of PM 2.5 was associated with serious health complications including stroke, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer (LC), and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) [3-10]. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) pollution ranked sixth among all risk factors for global premature mortalities and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) [11, 12]. Song, et al. [13] used the national air quality monitoring stations in 367 cities in China between the years 2014 and 2016, which resulted in the population's attributable mortality rate (10-5 y-1) showing 112.0 in the current year analysis, and 124.3 in a 10year time lag analysis. Considering the lag health effects of long-term PM 2.5 exposure [13, 14], the health risks of infants and juveniles who live long-term amidst a severely polluted environment would increase drastically; we, as a people, must take responsibility for paying more attention to these potential health risks and improving their overall living environment.

show abstract

Potential Sources and Formations of the PM2.5 Pollution in Urban Hangzhou

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Land-Use Patterns in Hangzhou City, China

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Land-Use Patterns in Hangzhou City, China

The Concentrations and Removal Effects of PM10 and PM2.5 on a Wetland in Beijing

The Spatiotemporal Distribution of PM2.5 and its Relationship to Land-Use Patterns and Special to Land-Use and People in Hangzhou

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About