“…Several alterations in the expression of cytokines and chemokines in lesions or serum of patients with LP have been described. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12 IL-17, IL-22, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, interferon (IFN)-γ, CXCR-3, CXCR-4, CXCL-10, CXCL-12, CCR1, CCR3, CCR4, CCL5-CCR5, and CCL17-CCR4) have been found elevated (80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89). In addition, an increased expression IFN-γ and IL-17 in the skin of LP lesions has been described (81,90)-albeit some other studies refuted these observations (91).…”