Potential role of the cellular matrix of Aphanizomenon strains in the effects of cylindrospermopsin—an experimental study

Dobronoki, Dalma; B‐Béres, Viktória; Vasas, Gábor; Gonda, Sándor; Nagy, S.; Bácsi, István

doi:10.1007/s10811-018-1699-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Exposure of Scenedesmus obtusus to the extracts of CYN-producing and -deficient strains of Aphanizomenon , as well as CYN-deficient extracts supplemented with CYN, showed that only the extracts of the toxic strain-induced alkaline and acidic phosphatases activity in the green alga. These data indicate the presence of other metabolites with similar effects that are absent in the toxin-deficient strain or not contributed to CYN toxicity [ 184 ].…”

Section: Cyanotoxins and Interspecies Interplaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Interspecies Interactions as a Driving Force Affecting the Community Structure in Lakes via Cyanotoxins

et al. 2021

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The escalating occurrence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms worldwide is a matter of concern. Global warming and eutrophication play a major role in the regularity of cyanobacterial blooms, which has noticeably shifted towards the predomination of toxic populations. Therefore, understanding the effects of cyanobacterial toxins in aquatic ecosystems and their advantages to the producers are of growing interest. In this paper, the current literature is critically reviewed to provide further insights into the ecological contribution of cyanotoxins in the variation of the lake community diversity and structure through interspecies interplay. The most commonly detected and studied cyanobacterial toxins, namely the microcystins, anatoxins, saxitoxins, cylindrospermopsins and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine, and their ecotoxicity on various trophic levels are discussed. This work addresses the environmental characterization of pure toxins, toxin-containing crude extracts and filtrates of single and mixed cultures in interspecies interactions by inducing different physiological and metabolic responses. More data on these interactions under natural conditions and laboratory-based studies using direct co-cultivation approaches will provide more substantial information on the consequences of cyanotoxins in the natural ecosystem. This review is beneficial for understanding cyanotoxin-mediated interspecies interactions, developing bloom mitigation technologies and robustly assessing the hazards posed by toxin-producing cyanobacteria to humans and other organisms.

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Section: Cyanotoxins and Interspecies Interplaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Interspecies Interactions as a Driving Force Affecting the Community Structure in Lakes via Cyanotoxins

et al. 2021

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“…To date, four other naturally occurring analogues have been identified in cyanobacteria: 7-epi-CYN, 7-deoxy-CYN, 7-deoxy-sulfate-CYN, and -deoxy-desulfo-12-CYN [74,75], with CYN being the most toxic. The biological role of CYN is under debate, with experimental studies suggesting its involvement in the acquisition of inorganic phosphate via inducement of alkaline phosphatase in other photosynthetic microalgae [12,76,77]. The biosynthesis of CYN is related to the cyr gene cluster, spanning 43 kb and comprised of 15 open reading frames, containing the genes required for biosynthesis, regulation, and transport of the compound [78].…”

Section: Cylindrospermopsin (Cyn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Study of Cyanotoxins in Paleolimnological Research: Current Knowledge and Future Needs

Henao

Rzymski

Waters

2019

Toxins

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Cyanobacterial metabolites are increasingly studied, in regards to their biosynthesis, ecological role, toxicity, and potential biomedical applications. However, the history of cyanotoxins prior to the last few decades is virtually unknown. Only a few paleolimnological studies have been undertaken to date, and these have focused exclusively on microcystins and cylindrospermopsins, both successfully identified in lake sediments up to 200 and 4700 years old, respectively. In this paper, we review direct extraction, quantification, and application of cyanotoxins in sediment cores, and put forward future research prospects in this field. Cyanobacterial toxin research is also compared to other paleo-cyanobacteria tools, such as sedimentary pigments, akinetes, and ancient DNA isolation, to identify the role of each tool in reproducing the history of cyanobacteria. Such investigations may also be beneficial for further elucidation of the biological role of cyanotoxins, particularly if coupled with analyses of other abiotic and biotic sedimentary features. In addition, we identify current limitations as well as future directions for applications in the field of paleolimnological studies on cyanotoxins. Key Contribution:This review provides updated information on paleolimnological studies of cyanotoxins and highlights their value for the understanding of the history and occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria, as well as understanding the potential environmental drivers of cyanotoxin production.Toxins 2020, 12, 6 2 of 15 of cylindrospermopsin production also exist [3]. These timescales imply that cyanobacterial toxins play ecological role(s) other than grazer defense, and that their toxicity towards zooplankton may only be an indirect effect of their production and release into the water column. Cyanotoxin biological function still remains a subject of debate and various hypotheses, derived mostly from experimental observations, on their potential intra-and extracellular roles have been put forward [1,[12][13][14].Like the ecological role of cyanobacterial metabolites, the environmental triggers causing toxin production lack definite identification in experimental and monitoring investigations. Nutrients, frequently associated with cultural eutrophication (nitrogen and phosphorus) in freshwaters, have been identified as key drivers of toxin production [15], but cyanobacteria in selected hypereutrophic systems do not produce cyanotoxins [1]. Nutrients that generally have less influence on trophic state in freshwater ecosystems, such as S and Fe, have also been associated with toxin occurrence [16], as have changes in N/P ratios [15]. Biological drivers, such as zooplankton grazing pressure and allelopathy [1], have been linked to cyanobacteria toxin production; along with abiotic factors, such as temperature and light intensity [17,18]. While recent genetic, experimental, and monitoring efforts have provided extensive knowledge of cyanobacterial metabolites, placing these data into a historic context and determining whether toxi...

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“…On the other hand, various metabolites can be actively produced and released by intact cells to acquire available nutrients and sustain growth. For example, it has been suggested that cylindrospermopsin is involved in phosphate acquisition by triggering the release of alkaline phosphatase in other phytoplankton species [34,35]. However, some toxins, such as microcystins, can be released during necrosis and stress-induced programmed cell death to mediate the survival of the remaining cell population under unfavorable conditions [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Toxicological Screening of Stable and Senescing Cultures of Aphanizomenon, Planktothrix, and Raphidiopsis

Wejnerowski

Falfushynska

Horyn

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Toxicity of cyanobacteria is the subject of ongoing research, and a number of toxic metabolites have been described, their biosynthesis pathways have been elucidated, and the mechanism of their action has been established. However, several knowledge gaps still exist, e.g., some strains produce hitherto unknown toxic compounds, while the exact dynamics of exerted toxicity during cyanobacterial growth still requires further exploration. Therefore, the present study investigated the toxicity of extracts of nine freshwater strains of Aphanizomenon gracile, an Aphanizomenon sp. strain isolated from the Baltic Sea, a freshwater strain of Planktothrix agardhii, and two strains of Raphidiopsis raciborskii obtained from 25- and 70-day-old cultures. An in vitro experimental model based on Cyprinus carpio hepatocytes (oxidative stress markers, DNA fragmentation, and serine/threonine protein activity) and brain homogenate (cholinesterase activity) was employed. The studied extracts demonstrated toxicity to fish cells, and in general, all examined extracts altered at least one or more of considered parameters, indicating that they possess, to some degree, toxic potency. Although the time from which the extracts were obtained had a significant importance for the response of fish cells, we observed strong variability between the different strains and species. In some strains, extracts that originated from 25-day-old cultures triggered more harmful effects on fish cells compared to those obtained from 70-day-old cultures, whereas in other strains, we observed the opposite effect or a lack of a significant change. Our study revealed that there was no clear or common pattern regarding the degree of cyanobacterial bloom toxicity at a given stage of development. This means that young cyanobacterial blooms that are just forming can pose an equally toxic threat to aquatic vertebrates and ecosystem functioning as those that are stable or old with a tendency to collapse. This might be largely due to a high variability of strains in the bloom.

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Potential role of the cellular matrix of Aphanizomenon strains in the effects of cylindrospermopsin—an experimental study

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Reviewing Interspecies Interactions as a Driving Force Affecting the Community Structure in Lakes via Cyanotoxins

Reviewing Interspecies Interactions as a Driving Force Affecting the Community Structure in Lakes via Cyanotoxins

A Review on the Study of Cyanotoxins in Paleolimnological Research: Current Knowledge and Future Needs

In Vitro Toxicological Screening of Stable and Senescing Cultures of Aphanizomenon, Planktothrix, and Raphidiopsis

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